Spoligotype patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from extra pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Puducherry, India

Kandhakumari, Gandhi; Spellman, Stephen R.; Shanmugam, Sivakumar; Narayanan, Sujatha

doi:10.4103/0255-0857.154871

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…In the current study, only 3 (2%) of M. bovis were identified among MTBC isolates from EPTB patients. A similar finding has been reported in previous studies of Ethiopia [23], Mozambique [43], Madagascar [44], and India [45]. The low proportion of M. bovis in the present study could be due to the fact that the majority of the participants were urban dwellers which are not associated with livestock.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Molecular characterization and drug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

et al. 2020

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Background Molecular characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is important to understand the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of tuberculosis (TB). However, there is limited information on molecular characteristics and drug-resistant patterns of MTB in patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to determine the molecular characteristics and drug resistance patterns of MTB in patients with EPTB in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods This study was conducted on frozen stored isolates of EPTB survey conducted in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A drug susceptibility test was performed using BACTEC-MGIT 960. Species and strain identification were performed using the Geno-Type MTBC and spoligotyping technique, respectively. Data were entered into the MIRU-VNTRplus database to assess the spoligotype patterns of MTB. Analysis was performed using SPSS version 23, and participants’ characteristics were presented by numbers and proportions. Results Of 151 MTB isolates, 29 (19.2%) were resistant to at least one drug. The highest proportion of isolates was resistant to Isoniazid (14.6%) and Pyrazinamide (14.6%). Nine percent of isolates had multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), and 21.4% of them had pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB). Among the 151 MTB isolates characterized by spoligotyping, 142 (94.6%) had known patterns, while 9 (6.0%) isolates were not matched with the MIRU-VNTRplus spoligotype database. Of the isolates which had known patterns, 2% was M.bovis while 98% M. tuberculosis. Forty-one different spoligotype patterns were identified. The most frequently identified SpolDB4 (SIT) wereSIT149 (21.2%), SIT53 (14.6%) and SIT26 (9.6%). The predominant genotypes identified were T (53.6%), Central Asia Strain (19.2%) and Haarlem (9.9%). Conclusion The present study showed a high proportion of MDR-TB and pre-XDR-TB among EPTB patients. The strains were mostly grouped into SIT149, SIT53, and SIT26. The T family lineage was the most prevalent genotype. MDR-TB and pre-XDR-TB prevention is required to combat these strains in EPTB. A large scale study is required to describe the molecular characteristics and drug resistance patterns of MTB isolates in EPTB patients.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Molecular characterization and drug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

et al. 2020

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“…It was represented by SIT-100, which was initially reported from Delhi 17 . Some of the unique SITs found in this investigation, such as SIT-349, SIT-298, SIT-46, SIT-52, SIT-119, SIT-64 and SIT-1952, have been reported earlier from north India 17 18 19 20 24 25 26 and a few such as SIT-256, SIT-138 and SIT-1268 have been reported from south India 14 15 27 28 . Spoligotypes of 31 clinical isolates from the present work did not match with the spoligo patterns available in SITVIT WEB database, suggesting the high evolutionary pressure on the isolates in this region which resulted in emergence of newer spoligotypes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

“…The largest cluster in the present study belonged to EAI1-SOM (SIT-48) shared by 14 (12.61%) clinical isolates. EAI1-SOM has earlier been also reported in variable prevalence from south India 13 14 15 . East African Indian lineages originated in Guinea-Bissau (Africa) and believed to be transmitted to other continents through dispersion of modern humans from that region 16 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in south coastal Karnataka, India, using spoligotyping

et al. 2018

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Background & objectives:Despite high occurrence of tuberculosis in India very little information is available about the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates prevailing in coastal Karnataka, India. Thus, the present study was undertaken to explore the genetic biodiversity of M. tuberculosis isolates prevailing in south coastal region of Karnataka (Udupi District), India.Methods:A total of 111 Mycobacterial isolates were cultured in Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) medium and after obtaining growth, DNA was extracted and spoligotyping was performed. SITVIT WEB database was used to locate families of spoligotypes.Results:On analyzing the hybridization results of all 111 isolates on SITVIT WEB database 57 (51.35%) isolates were clustered into 11 Spoligotype International Types (SIT). The largest cluster of 14 (12.61%) isolates was SIT-48 (EAI1-SOM), followed by SIT-1942 (CAS1-Delhi) with 11 isolates (9.9%) and SIT-11 with seven (6.30%). Moreover, 23 isolates (20.72%) had unique spoligotypes and 31 (27.92%) were orphans. Spotclust analysis revealed that majority (67%) of orphan isolates were variants of CAS (37%) and EAI-5 (34%).Interpretation & conclusions:The present study revealed high biodiversity among the circulating isolates of M. tuberculosis in this region with the presence of mixed genotypes earlier reported from north and south India along with certain new genotypes with unique SITs. The study highlights the need for further longitudinal studies to explore the genetic diversity and to understand the transmission dynamics of prevailing isolates.

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“…A more granular analysis of the WGS to identify genetic features of the pan-genomes of the isolates from DM vs. non-DM TB patients may reveal features associated with DM or non-DM patients. Table 5 shows studies determining lineages and spoligotypes distributed across the world and specifically in India [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. An overview of various studies conducted in different regions around the world to determine the predominant lineages and spoligotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis , offers valuable insights into the distribution and diversity of the strains in different populations, and also raises several points for critical discussion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-Genome Sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Shankaregowda

Sumana

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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The association of tuberculosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus has been a recognized re-emerging challenge in management of the convergence of the two epidemics. Though much of the literature has studied this association, there is less knowledge in the field of genetic diversities that might occur in strains infecting tuberculosis patients with and without diabetes. Our study focused on determining the extent of diversity of genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in both these categories of patients. We subjected 55 M. tuberculosis isolates from patients diagnosed with pulmonary TB with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus to whole-genome sequencing on Illumina Hi Seq platform. The most common lineage identified was lineage 1, the Indo-Oceanic lineage (n = 22%), followed by lineage 4, the Euro-American lineage (n = 18, 33%); lineage 3, the East-African Indian lineage (n = 13, 24%); and lineage 2, the East-Asian lineage (n = 1, 2%). There were no significant differences in the distribution of lineages in both diabetics and non-diabetics in the South Indian population, and further studies involving computational analysis and comparative transcriptomics are needed to provide deeper insights.

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Spoligotype patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from extra pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Puducherry, India

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Molecular characterization and drug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Molecular characterization and drug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in south coastal Karnataka, India, using spoligotyping

Whole-Genome Sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

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