A significant global public health concern is the widespread presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). High mortality rates are associated with the disease, particularly in developing nations. Since there are no visible earlystage signs, CKD frequently goes undiagnosed. In the meantime, preventing the disease from progressing requires early detection and prompt clinical care. To help clinicians discover CKD early, deep learning (DL) techniques can give an effective and affordable diagnosis. This research proposes a unique hybrid DL approach to classify CKD. In a pre-processing step, eliminate the missing values and reduce noise from data, data transformation, and outlier detection. After that, using the improved capsule network (Improved CapsNet) method to extract the features. Then, select essential features using the improved spotted hyena optimizer (ISHO) algorithm to better classification with less time. Finally, employ hybrid deep learning techniques of BConvLSTM and DNetCNN to classify the CKD. A recently introduced CKD prediction algorithm and well-known classifiers were used as benchmarks for the proposed approaches. The proposed model, which was trained with the smaller feature set, outperformed other classifiers with a classification accuracy rate of 99.89%. The experimental findings also demonstrate the positive effect of feature selection on the performance of the different techniques. The proposed technique has developed a reliable predictive system for recognizing CKD and may be extended to more unbalanced medical datasets to identify diseases reliably.