Spodic Horizon Criteria Applied to Soils of Northern Michigan

Padley, Eunice A.; Bartelli, Lindo J.; Trettin, Carl C.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1985.03615995004900020026x

Cited by 6 publications

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“…Infiltrating water plays an important role in leaching processes, so Spodosol profiles usually form in humid or perhumid climates (McKeague et al, 1983). These soils are often found not only in loamy or coarse materials but also in subpolar and alpine climatic regimes; however, in some areas, they extend into the interiors of midlatitude continents (Padley et al, 1985;Li et al, 1998).…”

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Transitional Soil Characteristics of Ultisols and Spodosols in the Subalpine Forest of Taiwan

Hseu

Tsai²,

Lin³

et al. 2004

Soil Science

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This study examined the illuviation of clay and spodic materials in three Ultic Haplorthods derived from fine-textured materials from the Alishan Mountain of central Taiwan. Soil analysis, including field description, physical and chemical analyses, and micromorphological studies, was used to study the soils. The soil colors are close to 7.5YR 5/6 in all subsurface horizons, with different degrees of spodic material accumulation. Various clay coatings and pellet-like aggregates were found in all subsurface horizons, which satisfied the morphological and chemical criteria for a spodic horizon (Bhs) as defined in Soil Taxonomy. The illuvial clay coatings have relatively weak birefringence but are masked by organo-metallic complexes. Spodosols were found locally to have a thick organic layer, which may intensify the podzolization process. We hypothesized that Fe and Al were chelated by organic matter in the surface portion of the pedon to form organo-metallic complexes. The translocation of clay occurred before the illuviation of organo-metallic complexes in the subsurface horizons during soil development. The slow accumulation of organic-metallic complexes in the Bhs horizons within the 50cm depth is attributed to fine texture and less porosity. The soils derived from two pedogenic processes to show the transitional status between Ultisols and Spodosols that the argillic horizon is overlain by the spodic horizon. (Soil Science 2004;169:457-467

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Transitional Soil Characteristics of Ultisols and Spodosols in the Subalpine Forest of Taiwan

Hseu

Tsai²,

Lin³

et al. 2004

Soil Science

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“…Many spodic horizons identified in the field have also failed to meet the criterion: (Fep § (Avery et al 1977;Miles et al 1979;Stanley and Ciolkosz 1981;Nettleton et al 1982;Mokma 1983;Padley et al 1985). The data obtained in this study give positive evidence that the Bhs horizon is an illuvial horizon of sesquioxides associated with humus and not with clay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

A toposequence of fine-textured soils in the hilly area of the northernmost part of Hokkaido

Satoh

Sakuma

Okajima

1990

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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“…Spodosols are often found in sandy soils and are widespread in subpolar and alpine climatic regimes but extend into interiors of the mid-latitude continents in some humid areas (Li et al, 1998a;Lundstrom et al, 2000;Padley et al, 1985). Taiwan is a tropical and subtropical region, but Spodosols and Spodosol-like soils are found in the subalpine and alpine forests.…”

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confidence: 99%

Clay Mineralogy of Spodosols with High Clay Contents in the Subalpine Forests of Taiwan

Lin

Chen

2002

Clays and clay miner.

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Three Ultic Haplorthods with significant illuviation of clay and spodic materials in the subalpine forests located in the Alishan area of central Taiwan were selected to identify the clay mineral compositions by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and to explain the transformation of the clay minerals. The three pedons are dominated by vermiculite and vermiculite-illite interstratified minerals, and they have minor kaolinite, quartz and gibbsite. No hydroxy interlayered vermiculite (HIV) was found in the E horizon of the three pedons because the forest soils are very acidic and have very low Al contents. The presence of HIV in the spodic (Bhs) and argillic horizons (Bt) of the three pedons was associated with greater free Fe and Al contents (Fe d and Al d ), more favorable pH ranges, and coatings of organo-metallic complexes which prevented continuous weathering. The specific pedogenic process, clay illuviation and podzolization occurred sequentially in the Alishan area, and induced the unusual clay mineral distribution and transformation. The largest amounts of illite are in the C horizon and the amounts of vermiculite increased with decreasing soil depths. A reverse distribution between illite and vermiculite through the soil profile was observed. Illite was transformed to vermiculite due to the strong weathering environment associated with extremely low exchangeable K contents. The weathering sequence of clay minerals of Spodosols with fine textures in the study area is proposed as: illite ? vermiculite (or interstratified vermiculite-illite minerals) ? HIV and vermiculite.

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Spodic Horizon Criteria Applied to Soils of Northern Michigan

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Transitional Soil Characteristics of Ultisols and Spodosols in the Subalpine Forest of Taiwan

Transitional Soil Characteristics of Ultisols and Spodosols in the Subalpine Forest of Taiwan

A toposequence of fine-textured soils in the hilly area of the northernmost part of Hokkaido

Clay Mineralogy of Spodosols with High Clay Contents in the Subalpine Forests of Taiwan

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