SPOCK2 Promotes the Malignant Behavior of Ovarian Cancer via Regulation of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Abstract

Background. Ovarian cancer (OC) is a common clinical gynecological disease, which seriously threatens women’s health and life. We investigated the roles of SPOCK2 in OC and its associated molecular mechanism in the current study. Methods. The expressions and prognostic value of SPOCK2 in OC were identified using the clinical data and data from the GEPIA database. Then, SPOCK2 silence was implemented to search functions of SPOCK2 in OC cells. CCK-8 was used to examine cell proliferation. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The OC cell invasion and migration were evaluated by transwell assays. Results. Overexpressed SPOCK2 was identified in OC, which was correlated with poor prognosis and a shorter survival rate. SPOCK2 downregulation significantly suppressed OC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and cell apoptosis was markedly promoted by SPOCK2 silence. Meanwhile, SPOCK2 knockdown could effectively suppress Wnt/β-catenin. Conclusion. SPOCK2 exerted crucial functions in OC progression and could serve as a promising candidate for OC targeted therapy.

The novel prognostic marker SPOCK2 regulates tumour progression in melanoma

“…37 Further, SPOCK2 downregulation markedly decreases ovarian cancer cell proliferation and invasion via inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. 38 Our findings confirmed that Spock2 knockdown in B16F10 cells significantly promoted ERK phosphorylation and inhibited cell migration by MAPK inhibition. Signalling pathways such as RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/ mTOR, and Wnt/β-catenin promote EMT and increase the migration and metastasis of melanoma.…”

“…In colon cancer, SPOCK1 knockdown inhibits tumour proliferation and metastasis via the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway 37 . Further, SPOCK2 downregulation markedly decreases ovarian cancer cell proliferation and invasion via inhibition of the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway 38 . Our findings confirmed that Spock2 knockdown in B16F10 cells significantly promoted ERK phosphorylation and inhibited cell migration by MAPK inhibition.…”

Bioinformatics-based analysis of the roles of basement membrane-related gene AGRN in systemic lupus erythematosus and pan-cancer development

“…It has been reported that the has-miR-363-3p-SPOCK2 axis is involved in regulating the cytoskeleton of actin cells and plays a regulatory role in the staging and progression of ovarian cancer (47). SPOCK2 downregulation significantly inhibits proliferation and invasion of OC cells while promoting cell apoptosis (48). In patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma, SPOCK2 expression is downregulated, while high expression of SPOCK2 prolongs the survival of LUAD patients.…”

Retracted: SPOCK2 Promotes the Malignant Behavior of Ovarian Cancer via Regulation of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

“…This article has been retracted by Hindawi following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [ 1 ]. This investigation has uncovered evidence of one or more of the following indicators of systematic manipulation of the publication process: Discrepancies in scope Discrepancies in the description of the research reported Discrepancies between the availability of data and the research described Inappropriate citations Incoherent, meaningless and/or irrelevant content included in the article Manipulated or compromised peer review …”

“…This article has been retracted by Hindawi following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [1]. This investigation has uncovered evidence of one or more of the following indicators of systematic manipulation of the publication process:…”