Split Nail Deformities: A Surgical Approach

Desciak, Edward B.; Eliezri, Yehuda D.

doi:10.1046/j.1524-4725.2001.01907.x

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The alteration of the matrix can also result from stretching by a submatricial tumour or from an impairment of the keratinization process 17 . Submatricial tumours, including MPC type C, 16 glomus tumour 17,21 and angiokeratoma, 3 were probably responsible for stretching as well as MPC type B and epidermoid cyst, which compressed the matrix and caused total fissure 17 . Similarly, sarcoidosis granuloma may also have stretched the nail matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When anamnesis and clinical examination do not provide diagnosis, a nail biopsy should be performed. Up to now, studies of SN consist of small series 8–11,13,15–17 or single case reports 3–5,7,14,18 . To the best of our knowledge, no descriptive study of longitudinal nail splitting has been previously published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 Longitudinal nail splitting may be caused by direct injury to the NP or matrix insult. [3][4][5] In the literature, SN reported cases were mainly induced not only by accidental matrix trauma [3][4][5] but also iatrogenic (nail surgery) 6 or self-inflicted (onychotillomania). 7 Several isolated cases of acquired and non-traumatic SN were also reported: inflammatory disorders such as lichen planus, 8,9 lichen striatus 10,11 and Darier's disease and 12 tumours including melanoma [13][14][15] and subungual myxoid cyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Split nail (SN) is a rare type of nail fragility syndrome, characterized by a longitudinal fissure involving the entire thickness of the nail plate (NP). [1][2][3] It may be restricted to the distal part of the nail (distal splitting), arise from under the proximal nail fold (PNF) (proximal splitting) and even divide the whole NP into 2 parts (total splitting). 3 It should be distinguished from onychorrhexis, which defines multiple superficial parallel furrows running on the NP, but both entities may be associated (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causes of longitudinal nail splitting: a retrospective 56‐case series with clinical pathological correlation

Inthasot

Richert

André

2022

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Background Split nail (SN) is a rare type of nail fragility syndrome, characterized by a longitudinal fissure involving the entire thickness of the nail plate. Longitudinal nail splitting may be caused by direct injury to the nail plate or matrix insult.Few articles have been published on the topic, most were related to the traumatic aetiology. Some case reports mention tumours and inflammatory disorders as other causes. Objectives and MethodsThe aim of this retrospective study was to analyse the clinical and histopathological features of 56 SN collected at the nail consultation of the dermatology department at Saint Pierre University Hospital in Brussels, between 1997 and 2019.Results Fifty-six patients were included (34 women and 22 men) with median age of 44.2 years. The fingernails were 3.2 times more frequently affected than toenails, especially the thumb. The most frequent aetiologies were tumours (45.6%), inflammatory diseases (26.3%) and traumas (19.3%). Congenital (5.3%) and systemic disorders (3.5%) were rarer causes. Histopathological slide review confirmed that alteration of the nail matrix integrity causes split nail, resulting either from matrix stretching by an underlying tumour or from impairment of the keratinization process by inflammatory diseases, melanocytic tumours and Bowen's disease. ConclusionsThis study is the largest case series of longitudinal nail splitting to date. It is the first to gather nail disorders causing SN with their clinical pathological correlation. The most common causes are traumatisms, tumours and inflammatory disorders. Congenital and systemic disorders are rarer. Tumours are responsible for half of the cases from which one third are malignant, mainly melanoma. When facing a monodactylic SN, benign as well as malignant tumours should be ruled out before concluding to traumatic aetiology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Causes of longitudinal nail splitting: a retrospective 56‐case series with clinical pathological correlation

Inthasot

Richert

André

2022

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…If a thinned or split nail results, revision can be performed at the patient's discretion. 19,27 Midline/paramedian longitudinal matrix excision is a valuable technique for the diagnosis and treatment of select cases of centrally located longitudinal melanonychia, when the matrix origin of the band is longer than it is wide, when it cannot be adequately excised with a punch biopsy, and when a fullthickness biopsy is desired. In such instances, it is an attractive alternative to the punch or matrix shave.…”

Section: Postoperative Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%