Split, Characteristic Based Semi-Implicit Algorithm for Laminar/Turbulent Incompressible Flows

Finite element solution of three-dimensional turbulent flows applied to mold-filling problems

“…In the present approach, we consider that the mixing length is given by l m = sy [12], where s is the von Karman constant, s = 0.4, and y is the distance to the nearest wall.…”

“…where C v is a constant taken as 0.09. Finally, the eddy viscosity is computed from k and l m by v T = zC v 1/4 k 1/2 l m (7) In the present approach, we consider that the mixing length is given by l m = sy [12], where s is the von Karman constant, s = 0.4, and y is the distance to the nearest wall.…”

Fundamentals of the Finite Element Method for Heat and Fluid Flow

“…The method was originally developed to study the stresses in complex air-frame structures (Clough 1960) and was later extended to the general field of continuum mechanics (Zienkiewicz and Cheung 1965). There have been many articles on the history of finite elements written by numerous authors with conflicting opinions on the origins of the technique (Gupta and Meek 1996;Oden 1996;Zienkiewicz 1996). The finite element method is receiving considerable attention in engineering education and in industry because of its diversity and flexibility as an analysis tool.…”

“…The accuracy of the results are highly dependent on the model and mesh employed. A detailed discussion on these methods is outside the scope of this book, but interested readers should consult available text books and research papers on the topic (Launder and Spalding 1972;Mohammadi and Pironneau 1994;Srinivas et al 1994;Wilcox 1993;Wolfstein 1970;Zienkiewicz et al 1996). However, a brief discussion on the RANS approach is given below.…”

The Characteristic-Based Split (CBS) Algorithm: A General Procedure for Compressible and Incompressible Flow

“…It is of interest to observe that the process of Step 4 can be extended to include in an identical manner the equations describing the transport of quantities such as turbulence parameters [43], chemical concentrations, etc., once the essential Steps 1-3 have been completed.…”