Splintering School Districts: Understanding the Link between Segregation and Fragmentation

Frankenberg, Erica

doi:10.1111/j.1747-4469.2009.01166.x

Cited by 44 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Segregation and inequality still divide our society along the lines of race and class, and educational literature documents the myriad ways in which school choice may exacerbate this 44 Because research indicates that boundaries are a major contributor to overall segregation (e.g., Clotfelter, 2004;Frankenberg, 2009;Reardon & Yun, 2005), charter schools' ability to draw students from multiple neighborhoods and districts could alleviate racial isolation. 45 The Obama administration has pledged to double spending for charter schools in four years, including a nearly 20% increase in its FY 2010 budget request for the Charter Schools Program.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choice without Equity: Charter School Segregation

Frankenberg

Siegel‐Hawley

Wang

2011

EPAA

Self Cite

190

216

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Abstract:The political popularity of charter schools is unmistakable. This article explores the relationship between charter schools and segregation across the country, in 40 states, the District of Columbia, and several dozen metropolitan areas with large enrollments of charter school students in 2007-08. The descriptive analysis of the charter school enrollment is aimed at understanding the characteristics of students enrolled in charter schools and the extent to which charter school students are segregated, including how charter school segregation compare to students in traditional public schools. This article examines these questions at different levels, aggregating school-level enrollment to explore patterns among metropolitan areas, states, and the nation using three national datasets. Our findings suggest that charters currently isolate epaa aape Education Policy Analysis Archives Vol 19 No12 students by race and class. This analysis of recent data finds that charter schools are more racially isolated than traditional public schools in virtually every state and large metropolitan area in the nation. In some regions, white students are overrepresented in charter schools while in other charter schools; minority students have little exposure to white students. Data about the extent to which charter schools serve low-income and English Language Learners is incomplete, but suggest that a substantial share of charter schools may not enroll such students. As charters represent an increasing share of our public schools, they influence the level of segregation experienced by all of our nation's school-aged children. After two decades, the promise of charter schools to use choice to foster integration and equality in American education has yet to be realized. Keywords: School choice; school demography; student diversity; educational policy Selección sin equidad: Segregación escolar en las escuelas charter Resumen: La popularidad política de las escuelas "charter" es inconfundible. Este artículo explora la relación entre las escuelas charter y la segregación en el país, en 40 estados, el Distrito de Columbia, y varias docenas de áreas metropolitanas con gran cantidad de estudiantes inscriptos en escuelas "charter" durante los años 2007-08. El análisis descriptivo de la matrícula escolar en las escuelas charter tiene el objetivo de comprender la matrícula y características de los alumnos de las escuelas charter y en que medida los estudiantes de escuelas charter están segregados, incluyendo la formas de segregación escolar y compararlos con estudiantes de escuelas públicas tradicionales. Este artículo examina esas cuestiones en diferentes niveles, la matrícula escolar agregada por nivel para estudiar los patrones en áreas metropolitanas, estados y la nación con tres conjuntos de datos nacionales. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que las escuelas charter aíslan a los estudiantes por raza y clase. Este análisis de datos recientes encuentra que las escuelas charter son racialmente más aisladas que las escuelas públicas tradi...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choice without Equity: Charter School Segregation

Frankenberg

Siegel‐Hawley

Wang

2011

EPAA

Self Cite

190

216

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“…Despite this legal history, most scholars argue that attendance zones are drawn irregularly in an effort to make them racially homogeneous (Bischoff 2008; Clotfelter 2004; Frankenberg 2009; Frankenberg and Orfield 2012; Leigh 1997; Siegel-Hawley 2013). This is also true in non-academic publications—typically anecdotal evidence published by local newspapers.…”

Section: Literature On School Attendance Zone Racial Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Irregularly Shaped School Attendance Zones Contribute to Racial Segregation or Integration?

Saporito

Riper²

2015

Social Currents

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This research investigates if and how much the shapes of school attendance zones contribute to racial segregation in schools. We find that the typical school attendance zone is relatively compact and resembles a square-like shape. Compact zones typically draw children from local residential areas, and since local areas are often racially homogeneous, this suggests that high levels of racial segregation in the largest school districts are largely structured by existing residential segregation. Still, this study finds that the United States contains some attendance zones with highly irregular shapes—some of which are as irregular as the most irregular Congressional District. Although relatively rare, attendance zones that are highly irregular in shape almost always contain racially diverse student populations. This racial diversity contributes to racial integration within school districts. These findings contradict recent theoretical and empirical scholarship arguing that irregularly shaped zones contribute to racial segregation in schools. Our findings suggest that most racial segregation in school attendance zones is driven by large-scale segregation across residential areas rather than a widespread practice among school districts to exacerbate racial segregation by delineating irregularly shaped attendance zones.

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“…A recent case study of Birmingham, Alabama, found that the growing number of separate school districts in the metropolitan area had the same stratifying effect as earlier laws that mandated racial segregation (Frankenberg, 2009). However, when school districts cover entire metropolitan areas, they are associated with stably desegregated schools (Orfield, 2001).…”

Section: Metropolitan Desegregationmentioning

confidence: 96%

School Segregation and Resegregation in Charlotte and Raleigh, 1989-2010

et al. 2016

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Desegregated schools are linked to educational and social advantages whereas myriad harms are connected to segregated schools, yet the emphasis on school desegregation has recently receded in two North Carolina city-suburban school districts historically touted for their far-reaching efforts: Charlotte and Raleigh. In this article, we use cross-case analysis to explore segregation outcomes associated with policy changes by analyzing enrollment and segregation trends from 1989 to 2010 in metro Charlotte and metro Raleigh. Both Charlotte-Mecklenburg and Wake County school systems are experiencing a growing share of intensely segregated schools, decreasing exposure of Black and Latino students to White students, disproportionately large exposure of Black and Latino students to poor students, and an increase in segregated charters. Segregation in the districts surrounding Charlotte-Mecklenburg and Wake County is less extreme. An understanding of how policies have contributed to segregation patterns in both metros informs future education reform efforts.

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Splintering School Districts: Understanding the Link between Segregation and Fragmentation

Cited by 44 publications

References 16 publications

Choice without Equity: Charter School Segregation

Choice without Equity: Charter School Segregation

Do Irregularly Shaped School Attendance Zones Contribute to Racial Segregation or Integration?

School Segregation and Resegregation in Charlotte and Raleigh, 1989-2010

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