Spirulina attenuates cyclosporine‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Khan, Mahmood; Shobha, J. C.; Mohan, Iyyapu Krishna; Naidu, M. U. R.; Prayag, Aruna; Kutala, Vijay Kumar

doi:10.1002/jat.1159

Cited by 72 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Increased plasma and kidney tissue MDA values are observed with CsA administration with excess production of hydrogen peroxide in living cells [21], which then gives rise to increased hydroxyl radical formation. NG has proved to possess lipid lowering, anti-lipoperoxidative and antioxidant properties [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic efficacy of naringin on cyclosporine (A) induced nephrotoxicity in rats: Involvement of hemeoxygenase-1

Chandramohan

Parameswari

2013

Pharmacological Reports

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Abstract:Background: Clinically, chronic nephrotoxicity may lead to renal functional impairment and progress to end stage renal failure. The renoprotective effect of a flavonoid naringin (NG) against cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephrotoxicity was investigated in this study. Methods: Nephrotoxicity was induced in male albino Wistar rats by injecting 25 mg/kg body weight of CsA for a period of 21 days. CsA-induced rats were also cotreated with 40 mg of NG/kg body weight, orally. Results: After the experimental period, the levels of lipid peroxides (TBARS) and hydroxyl radical (OH ) were found to be elevated, whereas the levels of SOD, catalase, glutathione, vitamin C, E and A were decreased in CsA-induced rats. NG co-treatment significantly decreased the levels of lipid peroxides and hydroxyl radicals and restored the levels of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants in renal tissues. Histological analysis revealed that CsA administration caused severe and widespread necrosis with dilatation of proximal tubules, vacuolization, tubular cell desquamation and intraluminal cast formation with massive infiltration of inflammatory cells. CsA-induced histopathological renal changes were minimal in animals which received NG treatment. The western blot and confocal microscopic expression of heme oxygenase-1 was restored by NG. In CsA-induced animals the expression was reduced compared to NG treated animals. Conclusions: The present study reveals that NG can act as effective renoprotective drug against CsA-induced toxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic efficacy of naringin on cyclosporine (A) induced nephrotoxicity in rats: Involvement of hemeoxygenase-1

Chandramohan

Parameswari

2013

Pharmacological Reports

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“…Group I (control group) included 10 animals which did not received any medications. Group II (spirulina group) included 10 animals that were treated with spirulina dissolved in distilled water in a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight orally via orogastric tube (Khan et al, 2006;Abdel-Daim et al, 2013). Group III (tacrolimus group) included 10 animals.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of spirulina can be attributed to its antioxidant active constituents including C-phycocyanins, β-carotene, vitamins, and minerals (Upasani and Balaraman, 2003;Abdel-Daim et al, 2013;Abdel-Daim, 2014;EL-Sabagh et al, 2014). Moreover, it was previously demonstrated that spirulina can protect against end organ toxicities induced by different chemotherapeutic agents as well as lead acetate-induced hepatotoxicity by ablating oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation (Khan et al, 2006;Hemalatha et al, 2012). Spirulina has also a cardioprotective effect against tilmicosin-induced cardiac toxicity in mice (Ibrahim and Abdel-Daim, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known to have important beneficial effects on cellular metabolism and homeostasis (Abou Gabal et al, 2015). Spirulina was reported to have antioxidant, antimutagenic and antineoplastic effects (Premkumar et al, 2004;Khan et al, 2006;Abdel-Daim et al, 2016). The antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of spirulina can be attributed to its antioxidant active constituents including C-phycocyanins, β-carotene, vitamins, and minerals (Upasani and Balaraman, 2003;Abdel-Daim et al, 2013;Abdel-Daim, 2014;EL-Sabagh et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spirulina protects against tacrolimus-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in rats: A biochemical and histological study

Elzawahry¹,

Abass²,

El-Haleem³

et al. 2016

J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Sci.

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Tacrolimus is a powerful immunosuppressive agent with hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects. It has a protective role against many toxicants. This study was conducted to evaluate the possible protective role of spirulina against tacrolimus induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Forty adult male albino rats divided into 4 groups. Group I, control group, Group II, spirulina group (received spirulina 500 mg/Kg body weight (bw)/day orally), Group III, tacrolimus group (received tacrolimus 12 mg/kg bw/day orally); and Group VI, prophylactic group (orally administered spirulina for 3 days before and 28 days concurrently with tacrolimus in the same previous doses). Tacrolimus induced adverse effects on both liver and kidney functions and structure that was manifested by elevated hepatic transaminases, total and direct bilirubin, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and creatinine clearance. There was a significant decrease in serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and hepatic and renal total thiol molecules (TTM), with a significant increase in serum malondialdehyde in tacrolimus group. Histopathologically, tacrolimus induced swelling and granulation of hepatocytes, congestion of blood sinusoids and degeneration of bile ductiles, glomerular hypertrophy and segmentation, swelling, degeneration and hyalinosis of renal tubules. Spirulina pre-and co-treatment significantly improved these deleterious effects. This was accompanied by partial restoration of the expression of PCNA near to the normal level observed in control rats. Moreover, spirulina treatment did not alter the trough blood tacrolimus levels or tacrolimus-induced immunosuppression. Further studies are warranted to evaluate whether transplant patients on tacrolimus treatment may benefit from the protective effects of spirulina.

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“…Currently, Spirulina (a single cell filamentous algae, richest source of protein, nature best food) is documented as; antioxidant & immunomodulator [14], hepatoprotective [15], nutraceutical [16], nephroprotective [17] neuroprotective [18], cardioprotective [19], anticarcinogenic [20], anti dyslipdeamic and anti hyperglycaemic activity [21]. Another study reported that insulin like protein is found in Spirulina [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Spirulina (Tahlab) in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Ziabetus Shakri) - A Randomized Controlled Trial

Alam¹,

Ma²,

Quamri³

et al. 2016

J Diabetes Metab

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Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) (Ziabetus Shakri) is a common metabolic disease affecting 150,000,000 people worldwide. Despite the recent advancements in management of Diabetes its relative co-morbidities and mortality is ever increasing globally. Unani scholars had claimed the effectiveness of several anti-diabetic drugs in the classical texts in the management of DM, but it lacks scientific documentation. Hence, a clinical trial was contemplated to evaluate the efficacy of test drug Tahlab (Spirulina) in patients of type 2 DM. Methods:The study was a single blind randomized standard control conducted on 40 patients of type 2 DM. 30 subjects were allocated to test and 10 to control group. Test group received 7 grams of Tahlab powder twice a day, and control group received Metformin (500 mg) 1 tablet twice a day for a period of 45 days. Subjective and objective parameters were assessed at 0, 15 th , 30 th , 45 th day. Results:The Mean score for FBS in test group has declined from 245.53 to 204.87 and PPBS from 345.73 to 303.67 respectively. The Mean score for FBS in control group has declined from 227.60 to 191.80 and PPBS from 329.60 to 282.80 respectively. Intergroup comparison revealed test drug to be similar to that of control drug in reducing FBS and PPBS. HbA1c and urine sugar remained unaltered in both groups. The results were assessed statistically using two tailed student t test, paired proportion test and Fischer exact test. Conclusions:The study revealed that the test drug is safe and equally effective when compared to control drug.

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Spirulina attenuates cyclosporine‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Cited by 72 publications

References 51 publications

Therapeutic efficacy of naringin on cyclosporine (A) induced nephrotoxicity in rats: Involvement of hemeoxygenase-1

Therapeutic efficacy of naringin on cyclosporine (A) induced nephrotoxicity in rats: Involvement of hemeoxygenase-1

Spirulina protects against tacrolimus-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in rats: A biochemical and histological study

Efficacy of Spirulina (Tahlab) in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Ziabetus Shakri) - A Randomized Controlled Trial

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