Spironolactone: A promising anti-schistosomal drug as revealed by scanning electron microscopy of adult worms

Aminou, Heba; Rahman, Abeer Abdel

doi:10.21608/puj.2020.33168.1076

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This agrees with Adler 73 who stated that Schistosoma tegument is an important target for drugs. These findings were also analogous with the reports of Guerra et al 4 and Aminou and Abdel Rahman, 22 who tested the effect of in vitro incubation of SPL on Schistosoma worms.…”

Section: Electron Microscope Studiessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…These effects were mostly related to the SPL effect on worm tegument and suckers and motor activity of these worms as stated by the in vitro studies of Aminou and Abdel Rahman. 22 …”

Section: Total and Female Worm Burdensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spironolactone was also beneficial in alleviating respiratory distress in a case of myocarditis caused by malarial infection. 22 Based on several reviews of the literature on new advancements in oral administration, we revealed that PLGA nanoparticles showed promise in increasing drug stability across the GIT, as well as other advantages of nanocarrier systems, all of which can contribute to increased oral bioavailability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Idiosyncratic Efficacy of Spironolactone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Against Murine Intestinal Schistosomiasis

Hady¹,

El-Emam²,

Saleh³

et al. 2023

IJN

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Background Schistosomiasis is a chronic debilitating parasitic disease accompanied with severe mortality rates. Although praziquantel (PZQ) acts as the sole drug for the management of this disease, it has many limitations that restrict the use of this treatment approach. Repurposing of spironolactone (SPL) and nanomedicine represents a promising approach to improve anti-schistosomal therapy. We have developed SPL-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance the solubility, efficacy, and drug delivery and hence decrease the frequency of administration, which is of great clinical value. Methods The physico-chemical assessment was performed starting with particle size analysis and confirmed using TEM, FT-IR, DSC, and XRD. The antischistosomal effect of the SPL-loaded PLGA NPs against Schistosoma mansoni ( S. mansoni )-induced infection in mice was also estimated. Results Our results manifested that the optimized prepared NPs had particle size of 238.00 ± 7.21 nm, and the zeta potential was −19.66 ± 0.98 nm, effective encapsulation 90.43±8.81%. Other physico-chemical features emphasized that nanoparticles were completely encapsulated inside the polymer matrix. The in vitro dissolution studies revealed that SPL-loaded PLGA NPs showed sustained biphasic release pattern and followed Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetics corresponding to Fickian diffusion ( n <0.45). The used regimen was efficient against S. mansoni infection and induced significant reduction in spleen, liver indices, and total worm count ( ρ <0.05). Besides, when targeting the adult stages, it induced decline in the hepatic egg load and the small intestinal egg load by 57.75% and 54.17%, respectively, when compared to the control group. SPL-loaded PLGA NPs caused extensive damage to adult worms on tegument and suckers, leading to the death of the parasites in less time, plus marked improvement in liver pathology. Conclusion Collectively, these findings provided proof-of-evidence that the developed SPL-loaded PLGA NPs could be potentially used as a promising candidate for new antischistosomal drug development.

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Section: Electron Microscope Studiessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…These effects were mostly related to the SPL effect on worm tegument and suckers and motor activity of these worms as stated by the in vitro studies of Aminou and Abdel Rahman. 22 …”

Section: Total and Female Worm Burdensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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