Spirometry parameters in smokers and non-smokers with and without respiratory symptoms in the PURE Poland Study population

Abstract

Aim of the study: To assess lung function and its relationship with smoking status and respiratory symptoms in the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Poland Study population. Material and methods: Analysis was carried in a cohort consisting of 2036 adults enrolled in the PURE Poland Study. This paper presents the results of 1217 (773 female) subjects in whom spirometry was performed and who were assessed for smoking status. We estimated the odds ratio for spirometry parameters values (forced respiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1], forced vital capacity [FVC], and FEV/FVC) using logistic regression, adjusted for sex, age, smoking status, and respiratory symptoms in the last six months. Results: Forty eight percent of participants were never smokers, 34% were former smokers, and 17% were current smokers. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was diagnosed in 1.52%, 1.45%, and 2.39% of this population, respectively, and asthma in 4.88%, 1.69%, and 2.87%, respectively. Respiratory symptoms in the last six months were more common in current smokers than never smokers and former smokers. Conversely, spirometry parameters values (FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC) did not differ significantly between the groups. In the logistic regression analyses, the strongest decrease of risk factors for FEV1/FVC, FEV1, and FVC were increasing age, and for Tiffeneau index former smoking status. Among women the decrease in FVC was more pronounced than in men (OR 3.82; 95% CI 2.18-6.68). The presence of respiratory symptoms did not increase the risk of decline of spirometry parameters. Conclusions: Lung function based on spirometry parameters in the surveyed PURE Poland Study population was more dependent on increasing age and female sex than on smoking status and respiratory symptoms.

The role of epidemiological research in public health using the PURE Poland study as an example

“…The main research directions in the analyses of the data collected in the Polish PURE cohort during the longterm follow-up period focused on dietary factors [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], the effect of CETP and PLTP protein activity on lipid disorders [17,18], overweight and obesity [19][20][21][22], atti- tudes toward tobacco smoking [23][24][25][26], alcohol consumption [27], sleep [28], quality of life [29], prevalence and determinants of hypertension [30,31], and carbohydrate metabolism disorders [32][33][34][35][36].…”