Spirometric Variability in a Longitudinal Study of School-Age Children

Pérez‐Padilla, Rogelio; Regalado‐Pineda, Justino; Mendoza, Laura E.; Rojas, Rosalba; Torres, Víctor Eduardo; Borja-Aburto, Victor Hugo; Oláiz, Gustavo

doi:10.1378/chest.123.4.1090

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Detailed methods were described [15,16], but briefly; 39 public and private primary schools were randomly selected from among all of those located within a 2-km radius of 10 automatic pollutant monitors in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area and all third-grade students were eligible. The first study phase recruited 1,819 third-grade children in an open dynamic cohort, adding new classmates in the following evaluations occurring every 6 months during the spring and autumn seasons of each year until the end of the children’s primary school education in 1999.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal Lung Function Growth of Mexican Children Compared with International Studies

et al. 2013

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IntroductionOur aim was to compare the longitudinal lung function growth of Mexican children and adolescents with the collated spirometric reference proposed for international use and with that of Mexican-Americans from the National Health State Examination Survey III (NHANES) III study.Materials and MethodsA cohort of Mexican children in third year of primary school was followed with spirometry twice a year through secondary school. Multilevel mixed-effects lineal models separated by gender were fit for the spirometric variables of 2,641 respiratory-healthy Mexican children expressed as Z-scores of tested reference equations. Impact of adjustment by sitting height on differences with Mexican-American children was observed in a subsample of 1,987 children.ResultsAt same gender, age, and height, Mexican children had increasingly higher forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and Forced vital capacity (FVC) than the children from the collated reference study (mean Z-score, 0.68 for FEV1 and 0.51 for FVC) and than Mexican-American children (Z-score, 0.23 for FEV1 and 0.21 for FVC) respectively. Differences with Mexican-Americans were not reduced by adjusting by sitting height.ConclusionsFor reasons that remain unclear, the gender-, age-, and height-adjusted lung function of children from Mexico City is higher than that reported by several international studies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As many as eight forced expiratory maneuvers were conducted for each child to obtain three acceptable ones according to 1994 ATS criteria [11]. Additional details on the spirometry methodology, including a sustained quality control along the study, were described in a previous report [16]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Lung Function Growth of Mexican Children Compared with International Studies

et al. 2013

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“…A total of 97.5% of the tests achieved reproducibility within 150 mL fulfilling the 2005 ATS-ERS criteria. Reference values of Hankinson et al for Mexican-Americans were used [6], considering that children > 7 years old can fulfill ATS criteria of quality after the first spirometric evaluation [7]. The presence of spirometric values below the 5 th percentile of reference values were considered abnormal.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of air pollution on pulmonary function and respiratory symptoms in children. Longitudinal repeated-measures study

et al. 2010

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BackgroundSalamanca, Mexico occupied fourth place nationally in contaminating emissions. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of air pollution on the frequency of pulmonary function alterations and respiratory symptoms in school-age children in a longitudinal repeated-measures study.MethodsWe recruited a cohort of 464 children from 6 to 14 years of age, from two schools differing in distance from the major stationary air pollution sources. Spirometry, respiratory symptoms and air pollutants (O3, SO2, NO, NO2, NOx, PM10,) were obtained for each season. Mixed models for continuous variables and multilevel logistic regression for respiratory symptoms were fitted taking into account seasonal variations in health effects according to air pollution levels.ResultsAbnormalities in lung function and frequency of respiratory symptoms were higher in the school closer to major stationary air pollution sources than in the distant school. However, in winter differences on health disappeared. The principal alteration in lung function was the obstructive type, which frequency was greater in those students with greater exposure (10.4% vs. 5.3%; OR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.0-3.7), followed by the mixed pattern also more frequent in the same students (4.1% vs. 0.9%; OR = 4.69, 95% CI, 1.0-21.1). PM10 levels were the most consistent factor with a negative relationship with FVC, FEV1 and PEF but with a positive relationship with FEV1/FVC coefficient according to its change per 3-month period.ConclusionsStudents from the school closer to major stationary air pollution sources had in general more respiratory symptoms than those from the distant school. However, in winter air pollution was generalized in this city and differences in health disappeared. PM10 levels were the most consistent factor related to pulmonary function according, to its change per 3-month period.

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“…Lung function testing was conducted by trained technicians following American Thoracic Society standards (19), using computerized dry rolling-seal spirometers (model 922; Sen-sorMedics, Yorba Linda, CA). The spirometry quality control program has been previously reported (20). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Spring Fall Spring Fall Spring Fall Spring Variable 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 Total, n 1,819 1,906 2,321 2,204 1,859 2,218 2,218 Girls, n 929 944 1,161 1,117 942 1, …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung Function Growth in Children with Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollutants in Mexico City

Rojas¹,

Pérez‐Padilla²,

Olaíz-Fernández³

et al. 2007

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

206

120

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Spirometric Variability in a Longitudinal Study of School-Age Children

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Longitudinal Lung Function Growth of Mexican Children Compared with International Studies

Longitudinal Lung Function Growth of Mexican Children Compared with International Studies

Impact of air pollution on pulmonary function and respiratory symptoms in children. Longitudinal repeated-measures study

Lung Function Growth in Children with Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollutants in Mexico City

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