Spirituality in Serious Illness and Health

Balboni, Tracy A.; VanderWeele, Tyler J.; Doan-Soares, Stephanie D; Long, Katelyn N. G.; Ferrell, Betty; Fitchett, George; Koenig, Harold G.; Bain, Paul; Puchalski, Christina M.; Steinhauser, Karen E.; Sulmasy, Daniel P.; Koh, Howard K.

doi:10.1001/jama.2022.11086

Cited by 135 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Then spiritual studies that focus on people with advanced cancer and those in end-of-life stages have employed quality of life (QoL) assessments (Ferrell et al, 1995;Kyranou & Nicolaou, 2021;Peterman et al, 2002;Rohde et al, 2019). Spirituality in serious illness and health has been reviewed recently (Balboni et al, 2022). While studies have investigated relationships between spirituality/ religiousness and QoL for healthy adults, resulting in positive effects of spirituality/religiousness on some QoL scales, such as mental well-being and social well-being (Borges et al, 2021;Vitorino et al, 2018;WHOQOL SRPB Group, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Structure of spirituality among high-school students differs depending on relationship with someone or something Greater (RSG)

et al. 2022

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Purpose: To investigate the structure of spirituality among teenagers, who live in a secular country, employing a QoL assessment, the EORTC QLQ-SWB32. Methods: Japanese high-school students, 15 to 17 years of age, answered EORTC QLQ-SWB32, which had 5 scales: Relationships with Others, Relationship with Self (RS), Existential, Relationship with Someone or Something Greater (RSG), and Change. It had “skip” items 22 and 23 (score range:0–200), which distinguished non-believers (score:0), light believers (score:33–66), and deep believers (score:100–200). Cronbach’s alpha and principal component analysis (PCA) were investigated. Correlations between item-32 (global spiritual well-being (SWB)) scores and 5 scale-scores were estimated. Global SWB scores were compared among groups via one-way ANOVA. Results: Among 283 male students, there were 142 non-believers (50%), 98 light believers (35%), and 43 deep believers (15%). Cronbach’s alpha values of the five scales were above 0.7 for deep believers. However, RSG did not show internal consistency for non-believers and light believers. PCA showed that the RSG items constructed a RSG scale for deep believers but did not make any scale for non-believers and light believers. The correlation coefficients between global SWB and RSG increased in order of non-believers (r = 0.295), light believers (r = 0.399), and deep believers (r = 0.559). RS correlated with global SWB in non-believers and light believers (r<- 0.4). Among groups, light believers had significantly better global SWB than non-believers and deep believers (p = 0.0312). Conclusion: The structure of spirituality among high-school students differs depending on RSG. And RS might be critical for students without sense of RSG. (250words)

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confidence: 99%

Structure of spirituality among high-school students differs depending on relationship with someone or something Greater (RSG)

et al. 2022

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“…A key component of successful aging, lifestyle factors such as religious and spiritual practices may reduce the risk of cognitive impairment and improve mental and physical health ( Balboni et al 2022 ; Coelho-Junior et al 2022 ; Paillard-Borg et al 2009 ) but more research is needed examining associations with dementia progression using a larger sample size. Most published studies have looked at prayer among adults with advanced illness and dementia caregivers but there is a large gap among persons with dementia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The utilization of religion and spirituality in times of uncertainty, stress, and illness is well documented ( Balboni et al 2022 ) and as adults age, religion and spirituality may become more important ( Katsuno 2003 ; Tornstam 1996 ; Thunstrom and Noy 2022 ). Among older adults, religious and spiritual practices may play a protective role in cognitive decline as reported by a systematic review of several studies by Hosseini et al (2019) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Older Adults with Dementia: Association of Prayer with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms, Cognitive Function, and Sleep Disturbances

et al. 2022

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Protective factors that slow dementia progression and improve quality of life are needed. Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), cognitive decline, and sleep disturbances are commonly found in dementia, indicate progression, and increase caregiver distress. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of private prayer with NPS, cognitive function, and sleep disturbances in older adults with dementia. We analyzed data from the Health and Retirement Study in 2000, 2006, and 2008 and Aging, Demographics, and Memory Sub study in 2001–2003, 2006–2007, and 2008–2009 among 40 older adults (age 70–100 years, mean age = 84.67, 29 females and 11 males, 73.9% non-Hispanic White, and 19.2% Non-Hispanic Black, and 3% Hispanic, cognitive function = 1.169 indicating mild cognitive impairment) using correlational analysis. The results indicated that increased frequency of private prayer was significantly associated with lower NPS, better cognitive function, and lower sleep disturbances. In total, 100% of Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic participants reported praying at least once per week. Findings could be due to use of cognitive processes used in prayer during supplication, requesting aid, and through communication with the divine, reducing loneliness. Longitudinal studies including historically underrepresented populations are needed to examine these associations over time.

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“…However, as mentioned above, R/S has been studied in relation to physical health and has generally focused on the health of people with some type of physical pathology, such as respiratory disease [ 27 ], cardiovascular disease [ 28 ], or various types of chronic diseases [ 9 , 29 ]. Be that as it may, the relationships between R/S and physical health have been extensively documented [ 1 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Aspects of Religion and Spirituality Affect the Physical Health of Cancer Patients? A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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In recent years, the literature on the relationship between religion and spirituality (R/S) and the health of cancer patients has been flourishing. Although most studies focus on mental health, many study the physical health of these individuals. In order to summarize the findings of these studies, we reviewed the most recent research on this subject using the PubMed and PsycInfo databases. The objective of this systematic review was to recognize the primary R/S variables studied in research on physical health in cancer contexts. We found that spiritual well-being was the most-researched variable in studies of these characteristics, followed by R/S struggles and other variables such as religious coping; religious commitment or practice; or self-rated R/S. In general, R/S seems to have a positive association with the physical health of cancer patients, although the results are quite heterogeneous, and occasionally there are no relationships or the association is negative. Our results may assist in improving interventions that include spirituality in clinical settings as well as the development of holistic approaches, which may have a positive impact on the quality of life and well-being of cancer patients.

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Spirituality in Serious Illness and Health

Cited by 135 publications

References 41 publications

Structure of spirituality among high-school students differs depending on relationship with someone or something Greater (RSG)

Structure of spirituality among high-school students differs depending on relationship with someone or something Greater (RSG)

Older Adults with Dementia: Association of Prayer with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms, Cognitive Function, and Sleep Disturbances

What Aspects of Religion and Spirituality Affect the Physical Health of Cancer Patients? A Systematic Review

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