Spirituality and well‐being in terminally ill hospitalized adults

Abstract

Initial research into the significance of spirituality among terminally ill adults was extended. Two hypotheses were examined using three groups of 100 adults matched on age, gender, education, and religious background: a) Terminally ill hospitalized adults indicate a greater spiritual perspective than nonterminally ill hospitalized adults and healthy nonhospitalized adults. b) Spiritual perspective is positively related to well-being among terminally ill hospitalized adults. All 300 participants completed the Spiritual Perspective Scale, Index of Well-Being, and other information. Planned comparisons analysis results supported the first hypothesis; low but significant correlation lent support to the second hypothesis. Differences among groups on recent change in spiritual views also were examined; a significantly larger number of terminally ill adults indicated a change toward increased spirituality than did nonterminally ill or healthy adults.

Psychometric characteristics of the spiritual perspective scale in pregnant African‐American women

“…Spirituality has been measured with scales, such as the Spiritual Perspective Scale (SPS; Reed, 1987). A majority of these instruments were developed using predominantly White, religious, well-educated samples with limited attempts to assess psychometric properties in other populations.…”

“…The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the SPS (Reed, 1987), including its variability, reliability, and construct validity in pregnant African-American women. To assess construct validity, we examined four hypotheses: (a) women who report a religious affiliation will have a higher mean SPS score than women who report no religious affiliation; (b) the SPS will correlate positively with self-reported religiosity and church attendance and, most positively, with self-reported spirituality; (c) depression, anxiety, and stress will negatively, and perceived health will positively correlate, with the SPS; and (d) age will positively correlate with the SPS.…”

Transitoriness in cancer patients: a cross-sectional survey of lung and gastrointestinal cancer patients

“…The MDASI consists of 13 Likert-type questions with responses ranging from 0 to 130, and higher scores indicate increased symptom burden. Participants also provided an overview of their spiritual practices with the Spiritual Perspective Scale [30]. This scale measures people's views and behaviors that are due to the people's belief in some dimension of transcendence or a spiritual guide beyond human beings [30].…”

“…Participants also provided an overview of their spiritual practices with the Spiritual Perspective Scale [30]. This scale measures people's views and behaviors that are due to the people's belief in some dimension of transcendence or a spiritual guide beyond human beings [30]. It consists of ten Likert-type questions with responses ranging from 10 to 60 with higher scores indicating more frequent spiritual practice.…”

“…Across all participants, a mean of 43.58 (SD=14.09) for the Reed Spiritual Perspective Scale [30] was obtained. Women (n=64, mean = 46.07, SD=13.79) reported a slightly higher level of spiritual practice than men (n=62, mean = 41.18, SD=14.07), but this difference was only marginally significant (t=−1.9215, degrees of freedom =118, p=0.0571; Table 1).…”