“…In a review of the concept of dignity within nursing, Jacobs (2001) concluded that ‘dignity appears to be a conceptual something that all persons have and therefore can lose…that persons are born with and want to die with’ (p. 31). Topics from conference papers using this definition included the dignity of humans versus that of machines (Picard 1998), quality of life (George 1998, Gormally 1998), spirituality and community in old age (Simmons 1998), and entitlement programmes for older adults (Arnason 1998).…”