SPIRALE: a multispecies in situ balloonborne instrument with six tunable diode laser spectrometers

Moreau, G.; Robert, Claude; Catoire, Valéry; Chartier, Michel; Camy‐Peyret, C.; Huret, Nathalie; Pirre, Michel; Pomathiod, L.; Chalumeau, Gilles

doi:10.1364/ao.44.005972

Cited by 78 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The six tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer (TDLAS) has been previously described in detail (Moreau et al, 2005). In brief, it can perform simultaneous in situ measurements of about ten chemical species over the vertical range 10-35 km.…”

Section: Balloon-borne Spirale Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Dupuy¹,

Walker²,

Kar³

et al. 2009

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

144

126

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Abstract. This paper presents extensive bias determination analyses of ozone observations from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite instruments: the ACE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation (ACE-MAESTRO) instrument. Here we compare the latest ozone data products from ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO with coincident observations from nearly 20 satellite-borne, airborne, balloonborne and ground-based instruments, by analysing volume mixing ratio profiles and partial column densities. The ACE-FTS version 2.2 Ozone Update product reports more ozone than most correlative measurements from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere. At altitude levels from 16 to 44 km, the average values of the mean relative differences are nearly all within +1 to +8%. At higher altitudes (45-60 km), the ACE-FTS ozone amounts are significantly larger than those of the comparison instruments, with mean relative differences of up to +40% (about +20% on average). For the ACE-MAESTRO version 1.2 ozone data product, mean relative differences are within ±10% (average values within ±6%) between 18 and 40 km for both the sunrise and sunset measurements. At higher altitudes (∼35-55 km), systematic biases of opposite sign are found between the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise and sunset observations. While ozone amounts derived from the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise occultation data are often smaller than the coincident observations (with mean relative differences down to −10%), the sunset occultation profiles for ACE-MAESTRO show results that are qualitatively similar to ACE-FTS, indicating a large positive bias (mean relative differences within +10 to +30%) in the 45-55 km altitude range. In contrast, there is no significant systematic difference in bias found for the ACE-FTS sunrise and sunset measurements.

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Section: Balloon-borne Spirale Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simultaneous measurements of pressure and temperature onboard the gondola allow the number densities to be converted to VMRs. Estimates of the uncertainties in the SPIRALE measurements were detailed by Moreau et al (2005). Total root-sum-square uncertainties are about 6% above 18 km (<80 hPa) and 8% below (>80 hPa).…”

Section: Balloon-borne Spirale Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Dupuy¹,

Walker²,

Kar³

et al. 2009

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

144

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…With this technique concentrations of CH 4 , N 2 O, NO 2 , HNO 3 , HCl, CO and O 3 can be observed simultaneously. A detailed description of the instrument and of its operating modes can be found in Moreau et al (2005). nel of MIPAS according to the method described in Rodgers (2000).…”

Section: Intercomparison Of Balloon-borne Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT NO<sub>2</sub> operational data

et al. 2007

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The comparison to ACE satellite observations exhibits only a small negative bias of MIPAS which appears not to be significant. The independent satellite instruments HALOE, SAGE II, and POAM III confirm in common for the spring-summer time period a negative bias of MIPAS in the Arctic and a positive bias in the Antarctic middle and upper stratosphere exceeding frequently the combined systematic error limits. In contrast to the ESA operational processor, the IMK/IAA retrieval code allows accurate inference of NO 2 volume mixing ratios under consideration of all important non-LTE proCorrespondence to: G. Wetzel (gerald.wetzel@imk.fzk.de) cesses. Large differences between both retrieval results appear especially at higher altitudes, above about 50 to 55 km. These differences might be explained at least partly by non-LTE under polar winter conditions but not at mid-latitudes. Below this altitude region mean differences between both processors remain within 5% (during night) and up to 10% (during day) under undisturbed (September 2002) conditions and up to 40% under perturbed polar night conditions (February and March 2004). The intercomparison of ground-based NDACC observations shows no significant bias between the FTIR measurements in Kiruna (68 • N) and MIPAS in summer 2003 but larger deviations in autumn and winter. The mean deviation over the whole comparison period remains within 10%. A mean negative bias of 15% for MIPAS daytime and 8% for nighttime observations has been determined for UV-vis comparisons over Harestua (60 • N). Results of a pole-to-pole comparison of ground-based DOAS/UV-visible sunrise and MIPAS mid-morning column data has shown that the mean agreement in 2003 falls within the accuracy limit of the comparison method. Altogether, it can be indicated that MIPAS NO 2 profiles yield valuable information on the vertical distribution of NO 2 in the lower and middle stratosphere (below about 45 km) during day and night with an overall accuracy of about 10-20% and a precision of typically 5-15% such that the data are useful for scientific studies. In cases where extremely high NO 2 occurs in the mesosphere (polar winter) retrieval results in the lower and middle stratosphere are less accurate than under undisturbed atmospheric conditions.

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“…Relative uncertainties on concentrations have been evaluated (3% for CH 4 and N 2 O, 5% for O 3 and CO and depending on altitude, 3 to 20% for NO 2 , 5 to 20% for HNO 3 and 7 to 15% for HCl). A detailed description of the instrument and its operating mode can be found in Moreau et al (2005). The SPIRALE gondola was launched from ESRANGE on 21 January 2003 and reached a ceiling altitude of nearly 32 km.…”

Section: Spiralementioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of mesospheric air inside the arctic stratospheric polar vortex in early 2003

et al. 2006

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Abstract. During several balloon flights inside the Arctic polar vortex in early 2003, unusual trace gas distributions were observed, which indicate a strong influence of mesospheric air in the stratosphere. The tuneable diode laser (TDL) instrument SPIRALE (Spectroscopie Infra-Rouge par Absorption de Lasers Embarqués) measured unusually high CO values (up to 600 ppb) on 27 January at about 30 km altitude. The cryosampler BONBON sampled air masses with very high molecular Hydrogen, extremely low SF 6 and enhanced CO values on 6 March at about 25 km altitude. Finally, the MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrometer showed NO y values which are significantly higher than NO y * (the NO y derived from a correlation between N 2 O and NO y under undisturbed conditions), on 21 and 22 March in a layer centred at 22 km altitude. Thus, the mesospheric air seems to have been present in a layer descending from about 30 km in late January to 25 km altitude in early March and about 22 km altitude on 20 March. We present corroborating evidence from a model study using the KASIMA (KArlsruhe SImulation model of the Middle Atmosphere) model that also shows a layer of mesospheric air, which descended into the stratosphere in November and early December 2002, before the minor warming which occurred in late December 2002 lead to a descent of upper stratospheric air, cutting off a layer in which mesospheric air is present. This layer then descended inside the vortex over the course of the winter. The same feature is found in trajectory calculations, based on a large number of trajectories started in the vicinity of the observations on 6 March. Based on the difference between the mean age derived from SF 6 (which has an irreversible mesoCorrespondence to: A. Engel (an.engel@meteor.uni-frankfurt.de) spheric loss) and from CO 2 (whose mesospheric loss is much smaller and reversible) we estimate that the fraction of mesospheric air in the layer observed on 6 March, must have been somewhere between 35% and 100%.

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SPIRALE: a multispecies in situ balloonborne instrument with six tunable diode laser spectrometers

Cited by 78 publications

References 21 publications

Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT NO<sub>2</sub> operational data

Observation of mesospheric air inside the arctic stratospheric polar vortex in early 2003

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SPIRALE: a multispecies in situ balloonborne instrument with six tunable diode laser spectrometers

Cited by 78 publications

References 21 publications

Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; operational data

Observation of mesospheric air inside the arctic stratospheric polar vortex in early 2003

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Product

Resources

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Validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT NO<sub>2</sub> operational data