Spins at work: probing charging and discharging of organic radical batteries by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy

Kulikov, Ilia R.; Panjwani, Naitik A.; Vereshchagin, Anatoliy A.; Spallek, Domenik; Lukianov, Daniil A.; Alekseeva, Elena V.; Levin, Oleg V.; Behrends, Jan

doi:10.1039/d2ee01149b

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The first one allowed us to check plasmonic properties of the nanohybrids whereas the second one provides information on the nature and concentration of paramagnetic defects. The EPR experiments were performed on a laboratory-built spectrometer described in [ 49 ] (the main parameters are the following: modulation amplitude of 0.5 mT, modulation frequency of 100 kHz, microwave power attenuation of 20 dB, temperature of 100 K).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally Friendly Improvement of Plasmonic Nanostructure Functionality towards Magnetic Resonance Applications

et al. 2023

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Plasmonic nanostructures have attracted a broad research interest due to their application perspectives in various fields such as biosensing, catalysis, photovoltaics, and biomedicine. Their synthesis by pulsed laser ablation in pure water enables eliminating various side effects originating from chemical contamination. Another advantage of pulsed laser ablation in liquids (PLAL) is the possibility to controllably produce plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) in combination with other plasmonic or magnetic materials, thus enhancing their functionality. However, the PLAL technique is still challenging in respect of merging metallic and semiconductor specific features in nanosized objects that could significantly broaden application areas of plasmonic nanostructures. In this work, we performed synthesis of hybrid AuSi NPs with novel modalities by ultrashort laser ablation of bulk gold in water containing silicon NPs. The Au/Si atomic ratio in the nanohybrids was finely varied from 0.5 to 3.5 when changing the initial Si NPs concentration in water from 70 µg/mL to 10 µg/mL, respectively, without requiring any complex chemical procedures. It has been found that the laser-fluence-insensitive silicon content depends on the mass of nanohybrids. A high concentration of paramagnetic defects (2.2·× 1018 spin/g) in polycrystalline plasmonic NPs has been achieved. Our findings can open further prospects for plasmonic nanostructures as contrast agents in optical and magnetic resonance imaging techniques, biosensing, and cancer theranostics.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally Friendly Improvement of Plasmonic Nanostructure Functionality towards Magnetic Resonance Applications

et al. 2023

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“…With respect to battery materials, continuous wave (CW) EPR is often used to confirm the presence of unpaired electrons and for quantification of radical density. 6,19,20 Moreover, pulsed EPR techniques, [21][22][23][24] in operando CW EPR 25 and EPR imaging 26,27 for battery research have also been demonstrated. PTMA based ORBs consist of nitroxide radicals as the redox active unit, which are well-characterised using EPR 28 at low concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For ORBs with nitroxide radicals as redox units, in situ 30 and in operando 22 CW EPR have shown the presence of electrochemically inactive radicals on the cathode film. The presence of such inactive redox centres, which do not undergo a change in their redox states while charging or discharging, inhibits the maximum attainable capacity of the ORB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laplace inverted pulsed EPR relaxation to study contact between active material and carbon black in Li–organic battery cathodes

Daniel

Szczuka

Jakes

et al. 2023

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…One such technique is electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, which is used to study unpaired electron spins. EPR has so far been used in studying operando electrolyte phenomena in redox flow batteries 1 , 2 , 3 or fuel cell membranes, 4 , 5 but its utility in studying conductive solid-state materials such as electrocatalysts remains limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of solid-state electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy for artificial fuel reactions

Bau¹,

Emwas²,

Rueping³

2022

iScience

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Spins at work: probing charging and discharging of organic radical batteries by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy

Abstract: Organic radical batteries (ORBs) are a promising class of electrochemical power sources employing organic radicals as redox-active groups. This article reports on the development of a versatile on-substrate electrode setup...

Cited by 25 publications

References 53 publications

Environmentally Friendly Improvement of Plasmonic Nanostructure Functionality towards Magnetic Resonance Applications

Environmentally Friendly Improvement of Plasmonic Nanostructure Functionality towards Magnetic Resonance Applications

Laplace inverted pulsed EPR relaxation to study contact between active material and carbon black in Li–organic battery cathodes

An overview of solid-state electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy for artificial fuel reactions

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