Spinosad‐mediated effects on the walking ability, midgut, and Malpighian tubules of Africanized honey bee workers

Lopes, Mariana Calábria; Fernandes, Kenner Morais; Tomé, Hudson V. V.; Gonçalves, Wagner Gonzaga; Miranda, Franciane Rosa; Serrão, José Éduardo; Martins, Gustavo Ferreira

doi:10.1002/ps.4815

Cited by 44 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…While The spinosad LC50 caused disorganization of the epithelia of tested organs and induced oxidative stress and cell death on A. mellifera. (Lopes et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and Histological Responses of Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Exposed to Sub-lethal Levels of Different Insecticide Classes

Ahmed

Elsobki

2021

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology

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Date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. is cultivated well especially in tropical and semitropical climates. It is considered an economic fruit crop in Egypt and the Middle East. Date palm fruits are a very good source of food with several medicinal qualities (Al-Dosary et al., 2016). Palms are infested by many harmful pests, but the red palm weevil is the most important of them at all (Salman et al., 2020). The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is the main borer attacking palm trees (Milosavljević et al., 2019). Most of the popular date palm cultivars are also suitable for RPW infestation (Sallam et al., 2012).The widespread RPW enabled it to expand its geographical range to extend to Asian, African, European and American countries, causing catastrophic damage to palm production

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“…While The spinosad LC50 caused disorganization of the epithelia of tested organs and induced oxidative stress and cell death on A. mellifera. (Lopes et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and Histological Responses of Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Exposed to Sub-lethal Levels of Different Insecticide Classes

Ahmed

Elsobki

2021

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology

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“…NACA also diminished spinosad toxicity by reducing the impact on larval movement and survival ( Figure 3F and G ). Exposure to spinosad (7.7 parts per billion for 24 hr) was previously shown to cause the vacuolation of epithelial cells of the midgut and Malpighian tubules of honeybees ( Apis mellifera ) ( Lopes et al, 2018 ). It is not clear whether this is due to the spinosad:Dα6 interaction precipitating elevated levels of ROS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low doses of the organic insecticide spinosad trigger lysosomal defects, elevated ROS, lipid dysregulation, and neurodegeneration in flies

Martelli

Hernandes

Zuo

et al. 2022

eLife

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Large-scale insecticide application is a primary weapon in the control of insect pests in agriculture. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that it is contributing to the global decline in population sizes of many beneficial insect species. Spinosad emerged as an organic alternative to synthetic insecticides and is considered less harmful to beneficial insects, yet its mode of action remains unclear. Using Drosophila, we show that low doses of spinosad antagonize its neuronal target, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha 6 (nAChRα6), reducing the cholinergic response. We show that the nAChRα6 receptors are transported to lysosomes that become enlarged and increase in number upon low doses of spinosad treatment. Lysosomal dysfunction is associated with mitochondrial stress and elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the central nervous system where nAChRα6 is broadly expressed. ROS disturb lipid storage in metabolic tissues in an nAChRα6-dependent manner. Spinosad toxicity is ameliorated with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine amide. Chronic exposure of adult virgin females to low doses of spinosad leads to mitochondrial defects, severe neurodegeneration, and blindness. These deleterious effects of low-dose exposures warrant rigorous investigation of its impacts on beneficial insects.

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“…Dα6 knockout mutants exposed to spinosad show no accumulation of LD in the fat body or change of lipid levels in hemolymph indicating that these phenotypes are due to the spinosad:Dα6 interaction ( Figure 5 ). Exposed to 7.7 ppb (parts per billion) for 24 hr was shown to cause the vacuolation of epithelial cells of the midgut and Malpighian tubules of honeybees ( Apis mellifera ) (Lopes et al, 2018). It is not clear whether this is due to the spinosad:Dα6 interaction precipitating elevated levels of ROS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low doses of the organic insecticide spinosad trigger lysosomal defects, ROS driven lipid dysregulation and neurodegeneration in flies

Martelli

Zhongyuan

Wang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The plight of insect populations around the world and the threats it poses to agriculture and ecosystems has thrown insecticide use into the spotlight. Spinosad is an organic insecticide, considered less harmful to beneficial insects than synthetic insecticides, but its mode of action remains unclear. Using Drosophila, we show that low doses of spinosad reduce cholinergic response in neurons by antagonizing Dα6 nAChRs. Dα6 nAChRs are transported to lysosomes that become enlarged and accumulate upon spinosad treatment. Oxidative stress is initiated in the central nervous system, and spreads to midgut and disturbs lipid storage in metabolic tissues in a Dα6-dependent manner. Spinosad toxicity was ameliorated with the antioxidant N-Acetylcysteine amide (NACA). Chronic exposures lead to mitochondrial defects, severe neurodegeneration and blindness in adult animals. The many deleterious effects of low doses of this insecticide reported here point to an urgent need for rigorous investigation of its impacts on beneficial insects.

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Spinosad‐mediated effects on the walking ability, midgut, and Malpighian tubules of Africanized honey bee workers

Cited by 44 publications

References 43 publications

Biochemical and Histological Responses of Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Exposed to Sub-lethal Levels of Different Insecticide Classes

Biochemical and Histological Responses of Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Exposed to Sub-lethal Levels of Different Insecticide Classes

Low doses of the organic insecticide spinosad trigger lysosomal defects, elevated ROS, lipid dysregulation, and neurodegeneration in flies

Low doses of the organic insecticide spinosad trigger lysosomal defects, ROS driven lipid dysregulation and neurodegeneration in flies

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