Spinor condensate in spin–orbit coupled Bose gases with inhomogeneous magnetic field

Abstract

In this paper, we study the dynamic properties of spin–orbit coupling (SOC) spin-1 antiferromagnetic Bose–Einstein condensates with inhomogeneous external magnetic field by numerical simulations of the multicomponent Gross–Pitaevskii equation. Our results show that the spin dynamics process is greatly affected by SOC when the system is in the absence of magnetic field. The periodicity of spin exchange dynamics disappears and the population of thermal clouds for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] gradually increases and decreases and then reaches a steady value. In this case, a stable stripe phase emerges for three-component wavefunction. Nevertheless, the spin dynamics process becomes complex in the presence of magnetic field, depending on the competition between magnetic field and SOC. The influences of SOC are masked by the relatively strong magnetic field and the density structures are similar to the case of without or weak magnetic field.

Spin-Orbit Coupled Dynamics of Ferromagnetic Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensate

“…In this process, the m = ±1 components still have the same dynamical behavior. Note that similar oscillation is also seen in [32], where the spin dynamics of antiferromagnetic atoms 23 Na condensate is studied. This fact reflects that such oscillation mode can exist independent of the magnetic phase (ferromagnetic β s < 0 or antiferromagnetic β s > 0) just by the use of a relatively strong SOC strength.…”

Vortex Formation in Spin-Orbit Coupled Spin-1 Bose Condensates with Magnetic Field

“…The magnitude of kinetic energy E k is a significant physical quantity in the dynamics process. In earlier work [32], the variation of kinetic energy in spin-1 antiferromagnetic 23 Na condensate is shown with zero magnetic field. In addition, the rotating external magnetic field is applied to the Bose gas of magnetic atoms.…”