Spinodal Decomposition in Binary Blend of Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Poly(α‐methyl styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile): Analysis of Early and Late Stage Demixing

Abstract

Summary: The phase separation kinetics of a poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, and poly(α‐methylstyrene‐co‐acrylonitrile), PαMSAN, blend exhibiting a LCST‐type phase diagram have been investigated as functions of temperature and demixing time for the near critical composition (PαMSAN/PMMA = 25:75) using a time‐resolved light scattering technique. We found that the scattering data in the early stage spinodal decomposition (SD) can be well described by the linearized Cahn–Hilliard theory. Spinodal temperature Ts ∼ 171 °C was determined from Dapp versus T and q versus T based on the analysis of Cahn theory in the early stage SD, where Dapp is the apparent diffusion coefficient and qm is the scattering vector at the maximum scattering intensity. The value of Ts obtained from the analysis of light scattering data was in good agreement with the phase diagram obtained visually at the equilibrium condition. The LCST‐type phase diagram of this blend was also calculated using the Flory–Huggen theory. The estimated interaction parameter used for the calculation of the phase diagram was found to be composition and temperature dependent. The coarsening behavior of the blend at the late stage SD was also studied by analyzing the magnitudes of qm and Im at various demixing times and temperatures based on the nonlinear statistical theories. Both of qm and Im obtained at different times and temperatures can be superposed and reduced to the respective master curves by horizontal shifting when they are plotted against log (t/aT) at a given reference temperature, where aT is the temperature‐dependent shift factor. The shape of the phase separation domain structures as a function of time during the SD was also considered. The scaling structure function F(x,t;T) = qm(t;T)3I(q,t;T) versus q/qm was found to be time independent and falls onto a universal curve in the late stage SD as a result of the dynamical self‐similarity accompanying with the phase separation process.Optical microscopy pictures for the structure development of spinodal decomposition for PαMSAN/PMMA = 25:75 blend at 180 °C for different demixing times.imageOptical microscopy pictures for the structure development of spinodal decomposition for PαMSAN/PMMA = 25:75 blend at 180 °C for different demixing times.

Phase‐Separation Kinetics and Mechanism in a Methylcellulose/Salt Aqueous Solution Studied by Time‐Resolved Small‐Angle Light Scattering (SALS)

“…In the late stage, S(q,t) is independent of time, indicating that the phase-separating structures grow with dynamical self- similarity because the shape of the structures at various times is statistically identical and the amplitude of the composition fluctuations has a time-independent constant value. [12] A number of similar results were also reported in the literature, testing the dynamic scaling postulated in polymer solutions [49] and blends. [50][51][52][53] The gelation of the MC solutions was confirmed by rheological measurements.…”

“…In recent years, experimental work has been devoted to studying the phase-separation mechanism in polymer solutions, [1][2][3][4] polymer blends [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and colloid-polymer mixtures [13][14][15][16][17] using small-angle light scattering (SALS). The aim of these studies was to control the morphology of the fabricated material and thus directly change the structure and properties of the product.…”

“…Furthermore, phase separation and gelation in thermoreversible gels has also been analyzed by Monte-Carlo simulations. [18,19] The growth of structures in the phase-separation process can be analyzed qualitatively in real space through microscopy [20] or quantitatively in reciprocal space through scattering techniques such as light, [12,[21][22][23][24] neutron [25] and X-ray scattering. [26][27] The time-resolved SALS technique detects an average of the sample structure in reciprocal space, permitting the determination of the time evolution of the domain growth in real space and the structure factor S(q,t).…”

Phase Behavior and Morphology of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate)/Poly(α‐Methyl Styrene‐co‐Acrylonitrile) Blends Under Quiescent and Shear Flow

“…In this review a particular interest will be paid for the phase behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(a-methyl styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (with 31 wt% AN content) blends under quiescent and shear flow (22,87,88). The effect of phase separation on the linear viscoelastic behavior of this blend will be also considered (75,76).…”

“…The effect of phase separation on the linear viscoelastic behavior of this blend will be also considered (75,76). In addition the phase separation kinetics and morphology of the blend will be studied over a wide range of quenching depth and shear flow (22,87).…”