Spine postural change elicits localized skin structural deformation of the trunk dorsum in vivo

Beaudette, Shawn M.; Zwambag, Derek P.; Bent, Leah R.; Brown, Stephen H.M.

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.11.025

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Also in the ASD group, fair non-significant relations were found between palpation error and ST thickness. ST thickness is known to be increased in the lumbar spine compared to more proximal spinal levels, and changes depending on spinal position ( Beaudette et al, 2017 ). As such, the combination of a lumbar deformity with increased lumbar ST thickness, might explain the relatively higher proportion of incorrect level identifications in the lumbar levels within the ASD group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal Palpation Error and Its Impact on Skin Marker-Based Spinal Alignment Measurement in Adult Spinal Deformity

Severijns

Overbergh

Schmid

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Spinal alignment measurement in spinal deformity research has recently shifted from using mainly two-dimensional static radiography toward skin marker-based motion capture approaches, allowing three-dimensional (3D) assessments during dynamic conditions. The validity and accuracy of such skin marker-based methods is highly depending on correct marker placement. In this study we quantified, for the first time, the 3D spinal palpation error in adult spinal deformity (ASD) and compared it to the error in healthy spines. Secondly, the impact of incorrect marker placement on the accuracy of marker-based spinal alignment measurement was investigated. 3D, mediolateral and inferosuperior palpation errors for thoracolumbar and lumbar vertebral levels were measured on biplanar images by extracting 3D positions of skin-mounted markers and their corresponding anatomical landmarks in 20 ASD and 10 healthy control subjects. Relationships were investigated between palpation error and radiographic spinal alignment (lordosis and scoliosis), as well as body morphology [BMI and soft tissue (ST) thickness]. Marker-based spinal alignment was measured using a previously validated method, in which a polynomial is fit through the marker positions of a motion trial and which allows for radiograph-based marker position correction. To assess the impact of palpation error on spinal alignment measurement, the agreement was investigated between lordosis and scoliosis measured by a polynomial fit through, respectively, (1) the uncorrected marker positions, (2) the palpation error-corrected (optimal) marker positions, and (3) the anatomically corrected marker positions (toward the vertebral body), and their radiographic equivalents expressed as Cobb angles (ground truth), using Spearman correlations and root mean square errors (RMSE). The results of this study showed that, although overall accuracy of spinal level identification was similar across groups, mediolateral palpation was less accurate in the ASD group (ASDmean: 6.8 mm; Controlmean: 2.5 mm; p = 0.002). Significant correlations with palpation error indicated that determining factors for marker misplacement were spinal malalignment, in particular scoliotic deformity (r = 0.77; p < 0.001), in the ASD group and body morphology [i.e., increased BMI (rs = 0.78; p = 0.008) and ST thickness (rs = 0.66; p = 0.038)] in healthy spines. Improved spinal alignment measurements after palpation error correction, shows the need for radiograph-based marker correction methods, and therefore, should be considered when interpreting spinal kinematics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal Palpation Error and Its Impact on Skin Marker-Based Spinal Alignment Measurement in Adult Spinal Deformity

Severijns

Overbergh

Schmid

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…However, the packaging material of the sensors are usually made of a rigid plastic that makes them inflexible and bulky [46]. The deformation of the skin may affect the repositioning of stickers when an individual performs physical activities, and this could lead to an inaccurate measurement [70]. Additionally, for monitoring lumbar-pelvic movements, the placement of the sensor is around the waist of individual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditional IMU-based sensors (e.g., ViMove) are attached to the human skin by using medical tapes [42]. Because IMU-based sensors are not stretchable, there may be deviations from the original sensor placement after the individual performs body movements which may lead to measurement errors [70]. Compared to the IMU-based sensors, E-Skin sensors are stretchable and can be attached comfortably to different types and shapes of human skin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Skin Wearable Sensors for Detecting Lumbar–Pelvic Movements

Zhang

Haghighi

Burstein

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Background: A nanomaterial-based electronic-skin (E-Skin) wearable sensor has been successfully used for detecting and measuring body movements such as finger movement and foot pressure. The ultrathin and highly sensitive characteristics of E-Skin sensor make it a suitable alternative for continuously out-of-hospital lumbar–pelvic movement (LPM) monitoring. Monitoring these movements can help medical experts better understand individuals’ low back pain experience. However, there is a lack of prior studies in this research area. Therefore, this paper explores the potential of E-Skin sensors to detect and measure the anatomical angles of lumbar–pelvic movements by building a linear relationship model to compare its performance to clinically validated inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based sensing system (ViMove). Methods: The paper first presents a review and classification of existing wireless sensing technologies for monitoring of body movements, and then it describes a series of experiments performed with E-Skin sensors for detecting five standard LPMs including flexion, extension, pelvic tilt, lateral flexion, and rotation, and measure their anatomical angles. The outputs of both E-Skin and ViMove sensors were recorded during each experiment and further analysed to build the comparative models to evaluate the performance of detecting and measuring LPMs. Results: E-Skin sensor outputs showed a persistently repeating pattern for each movement. Due to the ability to sense minor skin deformation by E-skin sensor, its reaction time in detecting lumbar–pelvic movement is quicker than ViMove by ~1 s. Conclusions: E-Skin sensors offer new capabilities for detecting and measuring lumbar–pelvic movements. They have lower cost compared to commercially available IMU-based systems and their non-invasive highly stretchable characteristic makes them more comfortable for long-term use. These features make them a suitable sensing technology for developing continuous, out-of-hospital real-time monitoring and management systems for individuals with low back pain.

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“…An excellent inter-and intraexaminer US reliability has been shown in the low back region. 1,3,6,8 Second, TMG was used to assess the contractile properties of erector spinae muscles. 3 The five con-…”

Section: Outcome Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Furthermore, skin and subcutaneous tissue ultrasonography (US) features may be altered by postural changes in healthy subjects and different patient conditions, such as lymphedema. 1,2 Tensiomyography (TMG) appears as a new technological device for evaluating the contractile properties of skeletal muscles and has recently been applied to assess musculoskeletal conditions in the lumbar erector spinae muscles. 3 Nevertheless, skin thickness distributions, as well as the local hypodermal/subcutaneous fat, and fascia distributions may ignacio.diez@universidadeuropea.es monica.garcia@universidadeuropea.es j_jose.molina@universidadeuropea.es german.diaz@universidadeuropea.es davidrodriguezsanz@gmail.com disturb the trunk dorsum sensitivity and should be investigated through future work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of the skin and subcutaneous tissue thickness in the tensiomyography response: a novel ultrasound observational study

Calvo‐Lobo

Díez-Vega

García-Mateos

et al. 2018

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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SUMMARY BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to describe and correlate the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and superficial fascia thickness assessed by ultrasonography (US) with the lumbar erector spinae muscles contractile properties evaluated by tensiomyography (TMG). METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study with 50 healthy participants was performed. The point of maximum lordosis in the lumbar region of the right erector spinae was evaluated by US and TMG. First, the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and superficial fascia thicknesses (cm) were assessed by US. Second, the five contractile TMG parameters were analyzed from the right erector spinae muscles belly displacement-time curves: maximal radial displacement (Dm), contraction time (Tc), sustain time (Ts), delay time (Td), and half-relaxation time (Tr). Finally, correlation analyses using Pearson (r for parametric data) and Spearman (rs for non-parametric data) coefficients were performed. RESULTS: A strong negative correlation was shown between Dm and subcutaneous tissue thickness (rs=-0.668; P<.001). Furthermore, moderate negative correlations were observed between Dm and skin thickness (r=-0.329; P=0.020) as well as Tr and subcutaneous tissue thickness (rs=-0.369; P=0.008). The rest of the parameters did not show statistically significant correlations (P >.05). CONCLUSION: Therefore, the lumbar erector spinae contractile properties during TMG assessments, especially Dm and Tr, may be widely correlated by the skin and subcutaneous tissue thickness.

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Spine postural change elicits localized skin structural deformation of the trunk dorsum in vivo

Cited by 20 publications

References 30 publications

Spinal Palpation Error and Its Impact on Skin Marker-Based Spinal Alignment Measurement in Adult Spinal Deformity

Spinal Palpation Error and Its Impact on Skin Marker-Based Spinal Alignment Measurement in Adult Spinal Deformity

Electronic Skin Wearable Sensors for Detecting Lumbar–Pelvic Movements

Relationship of the skin and subcutaneous tissue thickness in the tensiomyography response: a novel ultrasound observational study

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