Spinal Fluid Cytokine Levels and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Findings in Complex Febrile Seizures

Yamanaka, Gaku; Ishida, Yu; Morıchı, Shinichiro; Morishita, Natsumi; Takeshita, Mika; Urabe, Tomomi; Mori, Tetsuya; Oana, Shingo; Kashiwagi, Yasuyo; Kawashima, Hisashi

doi:10.1177/0883073818760890

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…There are several studies evaluating the CSF IL-10 levels in patients with FS. It has been reported that in 12 patients with complex FS the CSF IL-10 levels in addition to CSF IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels were significantly lower than in patients with acute encephalopathy [17]. However, in comparison of the patients with only FS and FS with encephalopathy, accompanied with influenza virus infection, there was no difference in the CSF IL-10 levels [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Reduced cerebrospinal fluid levels of interleukin-10 in children with febrile seizures

Şahin

Uysal

Yentür

et al. 2019

Seizure

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A B S T R A C TPurpose: The exact etiology of febrile seizures (FS) is still unclear. However, it is thought that cytokine network activation may have a causative role. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12) as a proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10 (IL-10) as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, and interferon-β (IFNβ), a marker of toll-like receptor-3 activation as a host response to viruses. These cytokine levels were analyzed in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of children after a FS. Methods: With the approval of the Human Research Ethics Committee, 76 patients with FS, who underwent lumbar puncture (LP) for the exclusion of central nervous system (CNS) infection, and who didn't have CSF pleocytosis, were included in the study. The control group consisted of 10 patients with similar ages, with an acute febrile illness and who required LP to exclude CNS infection. The analyses were made by the enzymelinked immunoassay method. Results: Age, gender distribution and CSF IL-12 and IFN-β levels did not differ, but CSF IL-10 levels were significantly lower in the FS group as compared to the control group (0.78 ± 4.5 pg/ml, versus 27 ± 29 pg/ml, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The low-level of CSF IL-10, considering its anti-inflammatory properties, may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of FS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Reduced cerebrospinal fluid levels of interleukin-10 in children with febrile seizures

Şahin

Uysal

Yentür

et al. 2019

Seizure

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“…The findings may be due to the small number of cases included in the study rather than represent a more intense involvement of granzyme A in the pathogenesis of acute encephalopathy relative to granzyme B. It is difficult to distinguish between acute encephalopathy and complex febrile seizures, 1,3 -5 and about 40% of patients with acute encephalopathy have been diagnosed with unclassified acute encephalopathy 6 ; therefore, the pathogenesis of acute encephalopathy might have a wide spectrum. We did not determine whether granzymes A and B or the specific cytokines assessed in this study are involved in the apoptosis-related pathogenesis of acute encephalopathy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Accordingly, complex febrile seizures (cFS) may be indistinguishable from AESD or unclassified acute encephalopathy during the acute phase. 1,3 -5 The difficult classification in these patients is due to several factors, including a lack of remarkable neuroimaging findings. 6 There are recent reports of patients with unclassified acute encephalopathy and mild encephalopathy with transient increases in glutamine, detected with MR spectroscopy.…”

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confidence: 99%

Granzyme A Participates in the Pathogenesis of Infection-Associated Acute Encephalopathy

et al. 2019

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Objective: The present study aimed to determine whether granzymes are implicated in the pathogenesis of infection-associated acute encephalopathy (AE). Methods: We investigated granzyme and cytokine levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute encephalopathy or complex febrile seizures (cFS). A total of 24 acute encephalopathy patients and 22 complex febrile seizures patients were included in the present study. Levels of granzymes A and B were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were assessed using the Bio-Plex suspension array system. Results: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of granzyme A were significantly higher, and those of TNF-α and IL-1RA were significantly lower in the AE group than in the cFS group; however, no significant differences in the levels of granzyme B, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were observed between the 2 groups. In addition, no significant differences in granzyme A, granzyme B, or cytokine levels were observed between acute encephalopathy patients with and those without neurologic sequelae. Conclusions: Our findings indicate the involvement of granzyme A in the pathogenesis of acute encephalopathy.

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Spinal Fluid Cytokine Levels and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Findings in Complex Febrile Seizures

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

Reduced cerebrospinal fluid levels of interleukin-10 in children with febrile seizures

Reduced cerebrospinal fluid levels of interleukin-10 in children with febrile seizures

Granzyme A Participates in the Pathogenesis of Infection-Associated Acute Encephalopathy

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