Spinal degenerative lesions and spinal ligamentous ossifications in ancient Chinese populations of the Yellow River Civilization

Hukuda, Sinsuke; Inoue, Koji; Ushiyama, Toshio; Saruhashi, Yasuo; Iwasaki, A; Huang, Jie; Mayeda, A; Nakai, Masashi; Li, Fang Xiang; Yu-hong, Zhao

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1212(200003/04)10:2<108::aid-oa514>3.0.co;2-5

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Lovell (1994) reported the highest frequency of VO and AO (31% and 40%) respectively among a Bronze Age (3000-2000 BC) population in India, followed by ancient Japanese males (before 300 BC) (VO: 21.2%; Suzuki, 1978). The frequencies among the ancient Chinese were 11.5% for VO and 3.9% for AO (Hukuda et al, 2000). In the present study the percentages were 19.58% (28/ 143) for VO and 38.36% (61/159) for AO for the moderate and severe injuries.…”

Section: Cervical Vertebral Osteophytosis (Vo) and Apophyseal Osteoarsupporting

confidence: 45%

“…VO and AO are aetiologically associated with intervertebral disc degeneration, although the former usually precedes the latter. Therefore, the ratio between their frequencies (VO/AO) is thought to be over 1 in younger generations, and approaches 1 in older generations (Hukuda et al, 2000). The ratio in the present skeletal study ranged from 0.51 to 0.59 calculated for the cervical and lumbar spines respectively.…”

Section: Lumbar Vertebral Osteophytosis(vo) and Apophyseal Osteoarthrmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…The ratio in the present skeletal study ranged from 0.51 to 0.59 calculated for the cervical and lumbar spines respectively. Age is another predisposing factor for spinal degenerative processes, as the prevalence of degenerative lesions increases proportionally with ageing (Hukuda et al, 2000). Moreover, since 72.36% of the studied Greco-Roman Egyptian skeletons were above the age of 40 years, this may be the cause of the high frequency of degenerative arthritis in this population.…”

Section: Lumbar Vertebral Osteophytosis(vo) and Apophyseal Osteoarthrmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Spinal pathological findings in ancient Egyptians of the Greco‐Roman period living in Bahriyah Oasis

Hussien

El-Din

Kandeel

et al. 2008

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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The spine can provide a large amount of information about an individual's physical condition and possible lifestyle through palaeopathological investigations. The aim of this research was to study spinal diseases among Greco-Roman ancient Egyptians from Bahriyah Oasis, and to compare them with those from Giza of the Old Kingdom. The material used in the study included 809 single vertebrae and 77 adult sacra of ancient Egyptians from the Greco-Roman period (332-30 BC) that were excavated from Bahriyah Oasis. The spinal elements were examined for pathological conditions, degenerative diseases, trauma, congenital abnormalities, infectious diseases and neoplasms. The most common lesions of the spine were those due to degenerative processes. The articular facets were more affected than the vertebral bodies. Compression fractures of the bodies, mostly due to osteoporosis, were found in 1.44% and 5.07% of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae respectively. The percentage of spina bifida occulta among ancient Egyptians from Bahriyah Oasis was 62.33%, while among those from Giza was only 3.33%. Few cases of lumbar spondylolysis and one case of DISH were recorded. No cases of infectious or neoplastic diseases were found.

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Section: Cervical Vertebral Osteophytosis (Vo) and Apophyseal Osteoarsupporting

confidence: 45%

Section: Lumbar Vertebral Osteophytosis(vo) and Apophyseal Osteoarthrmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Lumbar Vertebral Osteophytosis(vo) and Apophyseal Osteoarthrmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Spinal pathological findings in ancient Egyptians of the Greco‐Roman period living in Bahriyah Oasis

Hussien

El-Din

Kandeel

et al. 2008

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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“…However, there is evidence of lumbar spine damage and degeneration potentially pursuant to LBP in many examples of extinct species of Homo and other early human populations. These include Homo erectus [87], Homo heidelbergensis [88], ancient Egyptians and Nubians [89], ancient Chinese populations [90] and Ötzi the Iceman [91]. This included disc herniation, spondylolisthesis, scoliosis, osteophytosis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, lumbar spur formation, and ankylosing spondylitis all of which have the potential to cause LBP [1,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Lbp In Traditional Indigenous Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition studies of chimpanzee's, bonobo's and gorilla's show significantly lower rates of spinal degeneration of all kinds [184][185][186] with most injuries instead occurring from aggression or fall related trauma [185,187,188]. Though there is some evidence of spinal degeneration in extinct bipedal hominin species and early humans [87][88][89][90][91] systematic study of spinal degeneration in other extinct nonhominin primate species does not seem to have been conducted. The present hypothesis might predict that prevalence of lumbar spine degeneration might also be low in such species.…”

Section: Conceptualising the Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

An evolutionary hypothesis to explain the role of deconditioning in low back pain prevalence in humans

Steele¹

2017

jevohealth

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The aim of the present piece is to present an evolutionary hypothesis relating to the role of deconditioning in the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in humans. LBP is a multifactorial issue with many associated symptoms and potential causes. Prevalence is high in westernised populations and also rural and indigenous populations. Other diseases common in western populations, such as obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and cancer are almost absent in populations devoid of western influence who follow a traditional diet and lifestyle. It therefore seems counter-intuitive that LBP should also be high in traditional populations. The hypothesis that an evolutionarily determined factor might predispose LBP across a wide range of Homo sapiens populations seems plausible to examine. Fossil data from the infra-order Anthropoidea suggest adaptations in predominant habitual locomotion styles from 1) arboreal quadruped, to 2) semi-terrestrial quadruped, to 3) biped over the past ~20 million years. These adaptations were accompanied and permitted by anatomical evolutionary changes occurring in the lumbar spine and pelvis including development from 1) a long mobile lumbar vertebral column, laterally facing pelvis and large lumbar extensors to 2) a short lumbar vertebral column, posterior location of the transverse process, lengthening of the ilia, general reduction of the lumbar extensor musculature and increase in passive rigidity through entrapment and invagination and 3) to relengthening of the vertebral column, reduction in length and broadening of the ilia and sacrum. Comparative musculature anatomy between old world monkeys and modern humans suggests the presence of relatively smaller, and potentially weaker, lumbar extensor musculature in humans. Further, hip/trunk extensor musculature of short backed primates is well developed. Anatomically modern humans therefore may bear the compromise of relatively strong hip/trunk extensors and relatively weak lumbar extensors in combination with a long flexible lumbar spine. This may contribute to disuse atrophy of the lumbar extensors which may explain the consistent association of their deconditioning in LBP, and also predispose modern humans to the high prevalence of LBP presently observed. KeywordsEvolution, Lumbar Spine, Pelvis, Erector Spinae, Multifidus, Gait ErratumThis erratum is for correcting the citation for ' An evolutionary hypothesis to explain the role of deconditioning in low back pain prevalence in humans' . The previous citation listed the following citation and article homepage

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Vertebral age changes in Japanese macaques

Nakai

2001

American J Phys Anthropol

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This study deals with maturation and aging of the vertebrae in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata fuscata) of known chronological age. The samples used were 103 skeletons of captive raised Japanese macaques varying in age from 6-23 years. Epiphyseal union between the vertebral body and the epiphyseal disk (epiphyseal ring, annular epiphysis) and degenerative changes of the vertebrae were macroscopically examined. It was revealed that vertebral epiphyseal union develops comparatively rapidly in the sacral and cervical vertebrae, moderately in the lumbar vertebrae, and slowly in the thoracic vertebrae. It was found that, as a central tendency, the vertebral epiphyseal union begins at about 6 years of age, progresses lineally in proportion to age, and completes at about 23 years of age. However, considerable variation in developmental states of union was observed among individuals of the same age. Concerning vertebral degenerative changes, few were observed among the present samples. Compared with the other primates with regard to the timing of vertebral maturation, shortening of duration of maturation was found among humans. Human vertebrae may have become an early-maturing organ in order to sustain the increased loading that is accompanied by the adoption of habitual erect posture and bipedal locomotion.

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Spinal degenerative lesions and spinal ligamentous ossifications in ancient Chinese populations of the Yellow River Civilization

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Spinal pathological findings in ancient Egyptians of the Greco‐Roman period living in Bahriyah Oasis

Spinal pathological findings in ancient Egyptians of the Greco‐Roman period living in Bahriyah Oasis

An evolutionary hypothesis to explain the role of deconditioning in low back pain prevalence in humans

Vertebral age changes in Japanese macaques

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