Spinal constraint modulates head instantaneous center of rotation and dictates head angular motion

Kuo, Calvin; Fanton, Michael; Wu, Lawrence Shih-Hsin; Camarillo, David B.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.05.024

Cited by 27 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It has been previously reported and it was observed in the experimental dataset that there is significant coupling between coronal lateral flexion and axial rotations (23). While these out-of-plane rotations were observed experimentally, we previously reported that the in-plane motion dominated the head motion response experimentally (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…We collected a dataset of mild head impact loads in 10 human subjects (5 males and 5 females) published in a separate study with which to validate the model, and quantify the relative moment contributors (4). Briefly, we applied mild impacts to the head on subjects seated in a rigid back chair to restrict torso motion.…”

Section: Simulating Experimental Head Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inertial properties of the cervical vertebrae were taken from (33) and include the inertial properties of the vertebrae and surrounding tissue. The skull inertial properties were taken from Yoganandan 2009 (34), which matched our previous work with this data (4). Inertial properties are presented in Table A1.…”

Section: Supplementary Information A: Opensim Musculoskeletal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Passive cervical spine ligaments provide stability during head impacts

Kuo

Sheffels

Fanton

et al. 2019

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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It has been suggested that neck muscle strength and anticipatory cocontraction can decrease head motions during head impacts. Here, we quantify the relative angular impulse contributions of neck soft tissue to head stabilization using an OpenSim musculoskeletal model with Hill-type muscles and rate-dependent ligaments. We simulated sagittal extension and lateral flexion mild experimental head impacts performed on 10 subjects with relaxed or cocontracted muscles, and median American football head impacts. We estimated angular impulses from active muscle, passive muscle and ligaments during head impact acceleration and deceleration phases. During the acceleration phase, active musculature produced resistive angular impulses that were 30% of the impact angular impulse in experimental impacts with cocontracted muscles. This was reduced below 20% in football impacts. During the deceleration phase, active musculature stabilized the head with 50% of the impact angular impulse in experimental impacts with cocontracted muscles. However, passive ligaments provided greater stabilizing angular impulses in football impacts. The redistribution of stabilizing angular impulses results from ligament and muscle dependence on lengthening rate, where ligaments stiffen substantially compared to active muscle at high lengthening rates. Thus, ligaments provide relatively greater deceleration impulses in these impacts, which limit the effectiveness of muscle strengthening or anticipated activations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Simulating Experimental Head Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Supplementary Information A: Opensim Musculoskeletal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Passive cervical spine ligaments provide stability during head impacts

Kuo

Sheffels

Fanton

et al. 2019

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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“…Therefore, when the focus is on the muscular response, these surrogates are not representative. There are also many studies based on sophisticated head and neck computational models [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ], which successfully determine the head response [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], but they do not accurately replicate the human response as a whole, particularly in the interaction between the head and neck [ 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Emergency Braking Test with an Autonomous Bus and the sEMG Neck Response by Means of a Low-Cost System

et al. 2020

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Nowadays, due to the advances and the increasing implementation of the autonomous braking systems in vehicles, the non-collision accident is expected to become more common than a crash when a sudden stop happens. The most common injury in this kind of accident is whiplash or cervical injury since the neck has high sensitivity to sharp deceleration. To date, biomechanical research has usually been developed inside laboratories and does not entirely represent real conditions (e.g., restraint systems or surroundings of the experiment). With the aim of knowing the possible neck effects and consequences of an automatic emergency braking inside an autonomous bus, a surface electromyography (sEMG) system built by low-cost elements and developed by us, in tandem with other devices, such as accelerometers or cameras, were used. Moreover, thanks to the collaboration of 18 participants, it was possible to study the non-collision effects in two different scenarios (braking test in which the passenger is seated and looking ahead while talking with somebody in front of him (BT1) and, a second braking test where the passenger used a smartphone (BT2) and nobody is seated in front of him talking to him). The aim was to assess the sEMG neck response in the most common situations when somebody uses some kind of transport in order to conclude which environments are riskier regarding a possible cervical injury.

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“…The distinguishing features of DTM have been emphasized in quite a number of studies [21]. Comparisons have been made between the results of DTM and results obtained with other methods such as adomian decomposition method (ADM) [22] and finite element method (FEM) [19]. In order to achieve better results, the efficiency of DTM has been combined with other methods [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical investigations of temperature effects on creep strain relax-ation of biomaterials using homotopy perturbation and differentialtransform methods

Adeleye¹,

Abdulkareem²,

Yinusa³

et al. 2019

JCAM

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In this paper, the effect of temperature on relaxation of creep strain in biomaterials is modeled and analyzed with homotopy perturbation and differential transform methods. Polymeric biomaterials used as implants undergo both geometric and material nonlinear deformation when subjected to different loading conditions. The present study is concerned with the effects of temperature on the geometric nonlinear deformation of the relaxation of creep strain in these materials. Polymeric biomaterials exhibit time dependent response as observed in viscoelastic materials and this is represented by a one-dimensional rheological material model with constant material parameters. This model is then extended to capture the effects of temperature and the resulting final governing model is a nonlinear differential equation which cannot be easily solved by the standard analytic techniques. Here, two efficient special nonlinear analytic techniques, the homotopy perturbation and differential transform methods, are applied to obtain the solution of the developed nonlinear differential equation. The obtained analytical solutions are validated with the fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical method. An error analysis shows that good agreement exists between the solutions obtained with these methods. The effects of some parameters on the model were investigated. As observed from the study, it can be shown that an increase in thermal conductivity and viscosity resulted in an increase in resistance to deformation of the material, while an increase in the material stiffness resulted in an increase in the rate of deformation and relaxation.

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Spinal constraint modulates head instantaneous center of rotation and dictates head angular motion

Cited by 27 publications

References 27 publications

Passive cervical spine ligaments provide stability during head impacts

Passive cervical spine ligaments provide stability during head impacts

Study of the Emergency Braking Test with an Autonomous Bus and the sEMG Neck Response by Means of a Low-Cost System

Analytical investigations of temperature effects on creep strain relax-ation of biomaterials using homotopy perturbation and differentialtransform methods

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