Spinach or carrots can supply significant amounts of vitamin A as assessed by feeding with intrinsically deuterated vegetables

Tang, Guangwen; Qin, Jian Xin; Dolnikowski, Gregory; Russell, Robert M.; Grusak, Michael A.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/82.4.821

Cited by 108 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It helps prevent diseases such as lung and breast cancer (Lacroix and Lippman, 1980;Prakash et al, 2000) and can be used therapeutically in the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa, leukemia (Rego et al, 2000) and skin disorders (Heller and Shiffman, 1985) such as psoriasis and acne. β-carotene which is a pigment-carotenoid is precursor of vitamin A. Vitamin A is needed in the retina of the eye in the form of a specific metabolite, the light absorbing retinal, that is absolutely necessary for both low light (scotopic vision) and colour vision (Tang et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of vitamin A content from selected Nigerian fruits using spectrophotometric method

Aremu

Nweze

2017

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.

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The vitamin A content of the fresh fruits was determined by the extraction and quantitative determination of the pro-vitamin A carotenoid-β-carotene. The Retinol Equivalent (RE) was then obtained using standard conversion formula. The result indicated that the fruit with the minimum vitamin A content and percentage among the six samples was found in mango 301.61 ± 1.03 (7%), which was followed closely by watermelon 350.12 ± 19.01 (8%), guava 504.1 ± 0.75 (11%), tomato 542.86 ± 20.20 (12%), pawpaw 683.93 ± 5.15 (16%) and the highest content was found in carrot 2054.10 ± 1.28 (46%) in (RE/100 g). Statistical calculations and analysis showed that there was significant difference in vitamin A content among the fruits (p<0.05). Thus, besides major nutrients fruits and vegetables contribute very good amount of micro nutrient-vitamin A from β-carotene.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of vitamin A content from selected Nigerian fruits using spectrophotometric method

Aremu

Nweze

2017

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.

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“…For carbohydrate assimilation studies, cereal and legume starch have been labeled with 13 C (Edwards et al, 2002;Priebe et al, 2008;Verbeke et al, 2010). For lipids and fat-soluble vitamins, 13 C and 2 H have been applied with equal success to label essential carbon skeletons (Bluck, 2009;Parker et al, 1993;Tang et al, 2005). For the intrinsic labeling of proteins, 15 N has commonly been applied in microbial, plant and animal proteins (Gaudichon et al, 2002;Picou and Taylor-Roberts, 1969;Stack et al, 1989).…”

Section: Intrinsic Labelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The challenge of diabetes in Asia

James

2017

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…The principles of the study design are shown in Figure 1 and a general procedure for the study is presented in Figure 2. [17] and 7.5 to 1 in Chinese children [18]. The conversion of carrot β-carotene to retinol was 15 to 1 in US adults [17].…”

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confidence: 95%

“…[17] and 7.5 to 1 in Chinese children [18]. The conversion of carrot β-carotene to retinol was 15 to 1 in US adults [17]. The conversion of spirulina β-carotene to retinol was 4.5 to 1 in Chinese adults [18].…”

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confidence: 96%

“…To estimate the effi ciency of the absorption and conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A, an isotope reference method has been developed and used to evaluate the bioconversion of pure β-carotene [16] and β-carotene in each of spinach, carrots [17], spirulina [18], Golden Rice [19,20], and yellow maize [21]. The isotope reference method has used intrinsic labeling with the targeted enrichment profi le of the provitamin A in the plant food, and synthetic isotope labeled vitamin A as a reference dose.…”

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Vitamin A Value of Plant Food Provitamin A - Evaluated by the Stable Isotope Technologies

Tang

2014

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research

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Abstract:Humans need vitamin A and obtain essential vitamin A by conversion of plant foods rich in provitamin A and/or absorption of preformed vitamin A from foods of animal origin. The determination of the vitamin A value of plant foods rich in provitamin A is important but has challenges. The aim of this paper is to review the progress over last 80 years following the discovery on the conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A and the various techniques including stable isotope technologies that have been developed to determine vitamin A values of plant provitamin A (mainly β-carotene). These include applications from using radioactive β-carotene and vitamin A, depletion-repletion with vitamin A and β-carotene, and measuring postprandial chylomicron fractions after feeding a β-carotene rich diet, to using stable isotopes as tracers to follow the absorption and conversion of plant food provitamin A carotenoids (mainly β-carotene) in humans. These approaches have greatly promoted our understanding of the absorption and conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A. Stable isotope labeled plant foods are useful for determining the overall bioavailability of provitamin A carotenoids from specifi c foods. Locally obtained plant foods can provide vitamin A and prevent defi ciency of vitamin A, a remaining worldwide concern.Key words: stable isotopes, vitamin A, provitamin A carotenoids, β-carotene, intrinsic labeling, bio absorption, bio conversion Vitamin A is an essential nutrient for humans. The human body obtains vitamin A from preformed vitamin A through foods of animal origin or from provitamin A carotenoids through foods of plant origin. Plant provitamin A carotenoids in foods have to be processed, cooked, absorbed and converted to vitamin A in the human body, which are the factors affecting the vitamin A value of the plant provitamin A carotenoids. Therefore, it is of importance to quantitatively determine the conversion effi ciency of plant provitamin A carotenoids to vitamin A, specifi cally the vitamin A value of a plant food. In 1930, Moore discovered that provitamin β-carotene can convert to vitamin A [1]. Since then, the vitamin A value of provitamin A carotenoids has been investigated through many approaches involving various technologies. The aim of this paper is to review the progress over the last 80 years following this discovery of the conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A and the development of various techniques including stable isotope technologies to determine the vitamin A values of plant provitamin A.In 1980, the Recommended Dietary Allowances [2] stated that "Although the enzymatic conversion of

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Spinach or carrots can supply significant amounts of vitamin A as assessed by feeding with intrinsically deuterated vegetables

Cited by 108 publications

References 29 publications

Determination of vitamin A content from selected Nigerian fruits using spectrophotometric method

Determination of vitamin A content from selected Nigerian fruits using spectrophotometric method

The challenge of diabetes in Asia

Vitamin A Value of Plant Food Provitamin A - Evaluated by the Stable Isotope Technologies

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