Spin-Wave Phase Inverter upon a Single Nanodefect

Abstract

Local modification of magnetic properties of nanoelements is a key to design future-generation magnonic devices, in which information is carried and processed via spin waves. One of the biggest challenges here is to fabricate simple and miniature phase-controlling elements with broad tunability. Here, we successfully realize such spin-wave phase shifter upon a single nanogroove milled by focused ion beam in a Co-Fe microsized magnonic waveguide. By varying the groove depth and the in-plane bias magnetic field we continuously tune the spin-wave phase and experimentally evidence a complete phase inversion. The microscopic mechanism of the phase shift is based on the combined action of the nanogroove as a geometrical defect and the lower spin-wave group velocity in the waveguide under the groove where the magnetization is reduced due to the incorporation of Ga ions during the ion-beam milling. The proposed phase shifter can easily be on-chip integrated with spin-wave logic gates and other magnonic devices. Our findings are crucial for designing nano-magnonic circuits and for the development of spin-wave nano-optics.

Spin-wave spectroscopy of individual ferromagnetic nanodisks

“…[1][2][3] This expansion is triggered by the development of advanced synthesis methods 4,5 and the discovery of novel geometry-and topologyinduced effects. 6 Among the various nanofabrication techniques, focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID) has unique advantages for 3D nanomagnetism, 2,3,7 magnonics 8,9 and superconducting electronics of the fluxonic type 10,11 as the magnetic properties of direct-write structures can be varied by selecting a writing strategy and beam parameters, 5 as well as via post-growth irradiation of structures with ions [12][13][14] and electrons. 15 In the context of superconductivity, hybrid ferromagnet/superconductor structures are used for the manipulation of magnetic flux quanta 16,17 and provide access to investigations of odd-frequency spin-triplet superconductivity.…”

Reflection-less width-modulated magnonic crystal

“…n recent years, propagation of spin waves (SWs) in ferromagnetic film structures attracts considerable attention in connection with their applications in novel data transfer and processing technologies 1,2 . This strong research interest is determined by efficient mechanisms of signal transmission based on the general idea that characteristics of SW quanta-magnons -such as their phase and occupation numbers can be regarded as state variables instead of charge in conventional electronics [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] . Among different physical phenomena, which shape the mainstream research directions of magnonics 2 , selective SW propagation is one of the most promising tools for information processing at microwave frequencies [10][11][12][13][14] .…”

A nonlinear magnonic nano-ring resonator

“…These features make spin waves highly attractive for wave-based and neuromorphic computing concepts. Several important milestones were achieved in the realization of magnonic data-processing units, including logic gates [13][14][15] , majority gates [16][17][18] , a magnon transistor 19 , a phase shifter 20 , building blocks for unconventional computing [21][22][23] , auxiliary units for integrated circuits 12 , magnonic directional couplers [24][25][26][27] , and an integrated magnonic half-adder 25 .…”