Spin-trapping of sulfite radical anion, SO3•, by a water-soluble, nitroso-aromatic spin-trap

Ozawa, Toshihiko; Hanaki, Akira

doi:10.1016/0006-291x(87)90289-0

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The non-enzymatic formation of sulfate from sulfite in polymorphonuclear leukocytes occurs via one-electron oxidation to sulfur trioxide radicals. This step can be stimulated by transition metals (Ozawa & Hanaki 1987), dimethylsulfoxide (McCord & Fridovich 1969) and 0, (Fridovich & Handler 1961). Formation of sulfur trioxide radicals may also take place during peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of sulfite (Mottley et al 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Pathways of Sulfite Oxidation in Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

Constantin

Mehrotra

Jernström

et al. 1994

Pharmacology & Toxicology

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Sodium sulfite is metabolized by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by two alternative pathways, one enzymatic route dependent on sulfite oxidase and one non-enzymatic which involves intermediate formation of sulfur trioxide anion radicals. Initiation of the oxidative burst by phorbol myristate acetate significantly stimulates sulfate formation through the second pathway. The activity of sulfite oxidase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes varies greatly among individuals, a variation consistent with the suggested polymorphic distribution of sulfite oxidase in the human population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Pathways of Sulfite Oxidation in Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

Constantin

Mehrotra

Jernström

et al. 1994

Pharmacology & Toxicology

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“…10,16,55 Sulfite radical anion was generated following the same method as for the sulfate and sulfur dioxide radicals with the addition of H 2 O 2 (0.2% in solution) in aqueous solution of 100 mM Na 2 SO 3 . 56 EPR spectra were acquired over the course of 10 min while the UV lamp was on.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical and Experimental Studies of the Spin Trapping of Inorganic Radicals by 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-Oxide (DMPO). 3. Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfite, and Sulfate Radical Anions

2012

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Radical forms of sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfite (SO32−), sulfate (SO42−), and their conjugate acids are known to be generated in vivo through various chemical and biochemical pathways. Oxides of sulfur are environmentally pervasive compounds and are associated with a number of health problems. There is growing evidence that their toxicity may be mediated by their radical forms. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping using the commonly used spin trap, 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO), has been employed in the detection of SO3•− and SO4•−. The thermochemistries of SO2•−, SO3•−, SO4•−, and their respective conjugate acids addition to DMPO were predicted using density functional theory (DFT) at the PCM/B3LYP/6-31+G**//B3LYP/6-31G* level. No spin adduct was observed for SO2•− by EPR but an S-centered adduct was observed for SO3•− and an O-centered adduct for SO4•−. Determination of adducts as S- or O-centered was made via comparison based on qualitative trends of experimental hfcc’s with theoretically calculated ones. The thermodynamics of the non-radical addition of SO32− and HSO3− to DMPO followed by conversion to the corresponding radical adduct via the Forrester-Hepburn mechanism was also calculated. Adduct acidities and decomposition pathways were investigated as well, including an EPR experiment using H217O to determine the site of hydrolysis of O-centered adducts. The mode of radical addition to DMPO is predicted to be governed by several factors, including spin population density, and geometries stabilized by hydrogen bonds. The thermodynamic data supports evidence for the radical addition pathway over the nucleophilic addition mechanism.

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“…Similarly, there are no data on the sublethal effects of sulfite exposure in juvenile salmon. A number of studies have shown that exposure to sulfites may have sublethal effects in other vertebrates [1] – [4] , [21] , [22] , including alteration of mineral balance [23] and damage to renal cell membranes [24] . We have no data to suggest that ingestion of sulfites alters the ability of juvenile salmon to osmoregulate or maintain proper ion balance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Commercially Available Egg Cures on the Survival of Juvenile Salmonids

2011

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There is some concern that incidental consumption of eggs cured with commercially available cures for the purpose of sport fishing causes mortality in juvenile salmon. We evaluated this by feeding juvenile spring Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead (O. mykiss) with eggs cured with one of five commercially available cures. We observed significant levels of mortality in both pre-smolts and smolts. Depending on the experiment, 2, 3, or 4 of the cures were associated with mortality. Mortality tended to be higher in the smolts than in the parr, but there was no clear species effect. The majority of mortality occurred within the first 10 d of feeding. Removal of sodium sulfite from the cure significantly reduced the level of mortality. Soaking the eggs prior to feeding did not reduce mortality. We observed a clear relationship between the amount of cured egg consumed each day and the survival time. We conclude that consumption of eggs cured with sodium sulfite has the potential to cause mortality in juvenile steelhead and Chinook salmon in the wild.

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Spin-trapping of sulfite radical anion, SO3•, by a water-soluble, nitroso-aromatic spin-trap

Cited by 39 publications

References 10 publications

Alternative Pathways of Sulfite Oxidation in Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

Alternative Pathways of Sulfite Oxidation in Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

Theoretical and Experimental Studies of the Spin Trapping of Inorganic Radicals by 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-Oxide (DMPO). 3. Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfite, and Sulfate Radical Anions

Effect of Commercially Available Egg Cures on the Survival of Juvenile Salmonids

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