Spin Solitons in Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensates

Abstract

Solitons in multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates have been paid much attention, due to the stability and wide applications of them. The exact soliton solutions are usually obtained for integrable models. In this paper, we present four families of exact spin soliton solutions for nonintegrable cases in spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensates. The whole particle density is uniform for the spin solitons, which is in sharp contrast to the previously reported solitons of integrable models. The spectrum stability analysis and numerical simulation indicate the spin solitons can exist stably. The spin density redistribution happens during the collision process, which depends on the relative phase and relative velocity between spin solitons. The non-integrable properties of the systems can bring spin solitons experience weak amplitude and location oscillations after collision. These stable spin soliton excitations could be used to study the negative inertial mass of solitons, the dynamics of soliton-impurity systems, and the spin dynamics in Bose-Einstein condensates.

Phase Diagram, Stability and Magnetic Properties of Nonlinear Excitations in Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensates

“…As a first step one can consider quenches between the first and second order phase transition boundaries to investigate how the relevant in each phase spin-1 soliton solutions migrate or transform from one phase to the other. Yet another interesting perspective would be to study interactions [22,43,50] between the spinor solitons identified within each phase of the above-obtained phase diagram or even unravel lattices consisting of multiple DBB, DDB and DDD spinorial solitons in analogy to the two-component settings e.g. of Refs.…”

“…In particular, owing to the far richer phase diagram exhibited by such gases [36] (see, also, [37] for a recent discussion and [38] for the impact of many-body effects) already several works have been devoted in studying a variety of nonlinear excitations that arise in them [39][40][41][42][43][44]. These include for instance spin domains [45,46], spin textures [47,48], the very recently experimentally observed dark-dark-bright (DDB) and dark-bright-bright (DBB) solitons [49] (and variants [50], as well as interactions [22] thereof) and even twisted magnetic solitons [51].…”