14 Important applications of spin polarized low energy electron microscopy 15 (SPLEEM) employ this technique's vector imaging capability to resolve domain wall 16 (DW) spin textures. Studying several thin film systems including Co/W(110), 17 Co/Cu(001) and (Co/Ni) n /W(110), we show that an additional contrast can appear at 18 magnetic DWs. By imaging the magnetization as a function of electron landing energy, 19 electron energies are selected at which the magnetic domain contrast vanishes.20 Surprisingly, under such conditions of zero contrast between magnetic domains, we 21 observe the appearance of magnetic contrast outlining the DWs. This DW contrast does 22 not depend on the DW spin texture. Instead, our measurements show that this DW 23 contrast results from a combination of the energy-dependence of the spin reflectivity 24 asymmetry of the magnetic film, the finite energy width of the spin polarized electron 25 source, and the dispersion of the magnetic prism array that separates the illumination 26 and imaging columns of the instrument. Awareness of this DW contrast mechanism is 27 useful to aid correct interpretation of SPLEEM images. 28 29 Keywords 30 Spin polarized low energy electron microscopy; magnetic domains; magnetic domain 31 walls; magnetic thin films 2 32 1. Introduction
33Spin polarized low energy electron microscopy (SPLEEM) is a special kind of low 34 energy electron microscopy (LEEM) that uses a spin polarized electron beam to 35 generate magnetic domain images from samples [1,2,3]. Due to its high spatial 36 resolution, SPLEEM provides a valuable means to study magnetic domain structures in 37 surfaces [4] and thin films [5,6,7,8], especially in systems near the spin reorientation 38 transition [9,10,11,12], as well as to study magnetization profiles in magnetic 39 nanoparticles [13,14,15]. The capability to image the orientation of the magnetization 40 vector with high angular resolution makes SPLEEM a particularly useful tool for 41 studying domain wall (DW) spin textures [16,17,18,19]. The energy dependence of 42 electron reflectivity at surfaces is a consequence of the unoccupied electronic structure 43 of the sample, and applying SPLEEM to measure electron reflectivity spectra can be 44 used to determine spin-dependent electronic structures [2,20], as was demonstrated 45 using quantum well states in thin films [21,22,23,24,25]. 46 High lateral resolution in SPLEEM makes it possible to study energy spectra in 47 non-collinear spin textures such as in magnetic DWs. Due to spin-orbit coupling, the 48 electronic structure of non-collinear spin textures can be different from that of collinear 49 ones. Recently, C. Hanneken et al. demonstrated that non-collinear spin textures in 50 magnetic skyrmions can alter the local electronic structure, resulting in a tunneling 51 resistance different from magnetic single domains [26]. More generally, the extent to 52 which the local electronic structure inside magnetic DW may be modulated by the non-53 collinear spin texture remains an interesting qu...