Spin‐resolved photoemission microscopy and magnetic imaging in applied magnetic fields

Kronast, Florian; Schlichting, J.; Radu, F.; Mishra, Shrawan; Noll, T.; Dürr, H. A.

doi:10.1002/sia.3561

Cited by 65 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…To obtain images with enough spatial resolution and magnetic sensitivity, the XPEEM technique has been used in the UE49-PGM-1-SPEEM beamline of the BESSY II synchrotron (HZB, Berlin). To obtain what we refer to as an x-rays magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) image [31], circularly polarized x rays, whose energy is tuned to the Co L 3 absorption edge, incide at a low angle (16 • ) on the sample, while images are taken with the photoemission electron microscope both for x rays' left and right circular polarizations. As in regular XMCD, the difference of these two images normalized by their sum provides an image with magnetic contrast proportional to the projection of the magnetization along the direction of the incident beam wave vector, that is, the magnetic sensitivity direction (MSD).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic antidot to dot crossover in Co and Py nanopatterned thin films

et al. 2014

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The crossover from antidot to dot magnetic behavior on arrays patterned in a ferromagnetic thin film has been achieved by modifying only the geometry. A series of antidot arrays has been fabricated on cobalt with fixed diameter d and by reducing the period of the array p from p d to p < d. A dramatic change in the coercivity dependence with p, correlated with a significant modification in the magnetic domain structure observed by x-ray photoemission electron microscopy, evidences the crossover. An intermediate regime has been found between the superdomain structure present in antidot arrays and the array of astroid-state noncorrelated dots. The study has been reproduced for a different ferromagnetic material, permalloy, and supported by micromagnetic simulations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic antidot to dot crossover in Co and Py nanopatterned thin films

et al. 2014

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“…The CFN films were then patterned using focused ion beam lithography to define micrometer to sub-micrometer scale patterns. XMCD-PEEM measurements were performed at the SIM (X11MA) beamline at the Swiss Light Source [20] and at the UE49-PGMa beamline at the synchrotron radiation facility (BESSY) of the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin [21], both equipped with an Elmitec PEEM setup (type LEEM III). The energy of the circularly polarized x-rays was tuned to the Co L 3 edge (about 780 eV).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetization reversal of the domain structure in the anti-perovskite nitride Co3FeN investigated by high-resolution X-ray microscopy

Hajiri

Finizio

Vafaee

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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We performed X-ray magnetic circular dichroism photoemission electron microscopy to reveal the magnetic domain structure of anti-perovskite nitride Co 3 FeN exhibiting a negative spin polarization. In square and disc patterns, we systematically and quantitatively determine the statistics of the stable states as a function of geometry. By direct imaging during the application of a magnetic field, we reveal the magnetic reversal process in a spatially resolved manner. We compare the hysteresis on the continuous area and the square patterns from the magnetic field-dependent XMCD ratio, which can be explained as resulting from the effect of the shape anisotropy, present in nanostructured thin films.

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“…To image in-plane components the sample normal has to be tilted to an direction more perpendicular to the photon beam propagation, thus deteriorating the spatial resolution along the beam direction. Due to X-PEEM being an electron probing technique, it inherently faces severe challenges for applying magnetic fields in arbitrary directions and at higher field values, although certain efforts to compensate the impact of magnetic fields to the electron paths have been demonstrated [35].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic imaging with full-field soft X-ray microscopies

Fischer

Baldasseroni

et al. 2013

Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena

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Progress toward a fundamental understanding of magnetism continues to be of great scientific interest and high technological relevance. To control magnetization on the nanoscale, external magnetic fields and spin polarized currents are commonly used. In addition, novel concepts based on spin manipulation by electric fields or photons are emerging which benefit from advances in tailoring complex magnetic materials. Although the nanoscale is at the very origin of magnetic behavior, there is a new trend toward investigating mesoscale magnetic phenomena, thus adding complexity and functionality, both of which will become crucial for future magnetic devices.Advanced analytical tools are thus needed for the characterization of magnetic properties spanning the nano-to the meso-scale. Imaging magnetic structures with high spatial and temporal resolution over a large field of view and in three dimensions is therefore a key challenge. A variety of spectromicroscopic techniques address this challenge by taking advantage of variable-polarization soft X-rays, thus enabling X-ray dichroism effects provide magnetic contrast. These techniques are also capable of quantifying in an element-, valence-and site-sensitive way the basic properties of ferro(i)-and antiferro-magnetic systems, such as spin and orbital moments, spin configurations from the nano-to the meso-scale and spin dynamics with sub-ns time resolution. This paper reviews current achievements and outlines future trends with one of these spectromicroscopies, magnetic full field transmission soft X-ray microscopy (MTXM) using a few selected examples of recent research on nano-and meso-scale magnetic phenomena. The complementarity of MTXM to X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM) is also emphasized.

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Spin‐resolved photoemission microscopy and magnetic imaging in applied magnetic fields

Cited by 65 publications

References 15 publications

Magnetic antidot to dot crossover in Co and Py nanopatterned thin films

Magnetic antidot to dot crossover in Co and Py nanopatterned thin films

Magnetization reversal of the domain structure in the anti-perovskite nitride Co3FeN investigated by high-resolution X-ray microscopy

Magnetic imaging with full-field soft X-ray microscopies

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