Spin-isospin Kondo effects for Σc and Σc* baryons and D¯

Abstract

We study the Kondo effect for a c ( * c ) baryon in nuclear matter. In terms of the spin and isospin [SU(2) spin × SU(2) isospin ] symmetry, the heavy-quark spin symmetry and the S-wave interaction, we provide the general form of the Lagrangian for a c ( * c ) baryon and a nucleon. We analyze the renormalization equation at the oneloop level and find that the coexistence of spin exchange and isospin exchange magnifies the Kondo effect in comparison with the case where the spin-exchange interaction and the isospin-exchange interaction exist separately. We demonstrate that the solution exists for the ideal sets of the coupling constants, including the SU(4) symmetry as an extension of the SU(2) spin × SU(2) isospin symmetry. We also conduct a similar analysis for the Kondo effect of aD (D * ) meson in nuclear matter. On the basis of the obtained result, we conjecture that there could exist a "mapping" from the heavy meson (baryon) in vacuum onto the heavy baryon (meson) in nuclear matter.

Kondo effect with Wilson fermions

“…Such "relativistic" Kondo effects can occur in relativistic-fermion systems including impurities, such as graphene (see Ref. [6] for a review), Dirac/Weyl semimetals [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], dense nuclear matter [24][25][26][27], and dense quark matter [13,24,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. Among them, the QCD Kondo effect [24,28] is induced by the color exchange interaction between a light quark and an impurity quark, which is based on quantum chromodynamics (QCD).…”

Heavy-quark spin polarization induced by the Kondo effect in a magnetic field

“…The Kondo effect is expected to arise also in the hadronic phase at lower density. In fact, it was shown that the Kondo effect arises in nuclear matter when Σ c and Σ * c baryons or D and D * mesons exist as impurities, where the spin and/or isospin exchange serves as the non-Abelian interaction [3,[5][6][7]. In addition, many works on Kondo effect in a relativistic system have been done in the literatures [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Singly heavy baryons in nuclear matter from an SU(3) chiral soliton model

“…Recently, interest in heavy hadrons was renewed as the experiments on them including exotic heavy hadrons have yielded unprecedented findings [18][19][20][21][22] (see a recent review for the status of experiments on nonstandard heavy hadrons [23]). This has also triggered the investigation on heavy baryons in nuclear matter [24][25][26][27][28][29] (see also a review [30]). Since there are no experimental data on how the heavy baryons undergo changes in nuclear medium and in nuclei, it is of great importance to study the medium modification of them theoretically to guide future experiments.…”