Spin Hall Effect of Light with Near‐Unity Efficiency in the Microwave

Kim, Minkyung; Lee, Dasol; Cho, Hyukjoon; Min, Bumki; Rho, Junsuk

doi:10.1002/lpor.202000393

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…[6,10] Despite its long history tracing back to the mid-19th century, the SHEL has regained a booming interest recently, especially in photonics and metamaterials communities. A variety of nanophotonic devices and metamaterials have been proposed to enlarge the spindependent shift, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] to increase the efficiency, [19] and to exploit the SHEL to identify geometric, [20,21] electric, [22] and magnetic [23] parameters and chemical reactions [24][25][26] with high precision. Except for the studies of asymmetric SHEL, [27][28][29][30][31] most previous studies have focused only on horizontally or vertically polarized incidence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin Hall Effect under Arbitrarily Polarized or Unpolarized Light

Kim

Lee

Rho

2021

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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The spin Hall effect of light (SHEL), which refers to a spin-dependent and transverse splitting of refraction and reflection phenomena, inherently depends on the polarization states of incidence. Most previous research has focused on horizontally or vertically polarized incidence, in which the analytic expressions of the shift are well-formulated and the SHEL appears symmetrically in both shift and intensity. However, the SHEL under arbitrarily polarized or unpolarized incidence has remained largely unexplored. Here, it is proved analytically and numerically that the SHEL is independent of the incident polarization and is symmetrical in shift if the two linear polarization states have the same Fresnel coefficients. Moreover, under an unpolarized incidence composed of a large number of completely random polarization states, the reflected beam is split in half into two circularly polarized components that undergo the same amount of splitting but in opposite directions. This result demonstrates that under unpolarized incidence, the SHEL occurs exactly as it does under horizontally or vertically polarized incidence. It is believed that the incident-polarization-independent SHEL can broaden the applicability of the SHEL to cover optical systems in which the polarization is unspecified.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin Hall Effect under Arbitrarily Polarized or Unpolarized Light

Kim

Lee

Rho

2021

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…Our reinterpretations suggest that previous spin-Hall shifts obtained with LP incidences might not be fundamental quantities, and re-examining them under the CP bases could yield new insights, especially in the cases where Fresnel's coefficients exhibit singular behaviors. [27][28][29][30][31][32] For example, the spin-Hall shifts of reflected beam at incidence near Brewster angle is abnormally enhanced under LP incidences, while its mechanism remains obscure. [27][28][29] Employing our analyses using CP bases, we find that the reflected light beam exhibits a severely deformed pattern caused by the destructive interference between normal and abnormal modes, because of r +− (K i ) = −r ++ (K i ) at the Brewster angle.…”

Section: Reinterpreting Results Computed By Previous Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topology‐Induced Phase Transitions in Spin‐Orbit Photonics

Ling

Guan

Cai

et al. 2021

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Spin‐controlled vortex generation and spin‐Hall effect, two distinct effects discovered in optics, have been extensively studied recently. However, while physical origins of two effects are both due to spin‐orbit interactions, their inherent connections remain obscure which also hinders further explorations on the manipulations of them. Here, in studying the scattering of a spin‐polarized light beam at sharp interfaces, an intriguing phase transition between vortex generation and spin‐Hall shift trigged by varying the incidence angle is revealed. After reflection/refraction, the beam contains two components: normal and abnormal modes acquiring spin‐redirection‐Berry phases and Pancharatnam–Berry phases, respectively. Inside the abnormal beam, two classes of wave components gain Pancharatnam–Berry phases with distinct topological natures, generating intrinsic and extrinsic orbital angular momenta (OAM), respectively. Enlarging incidence angle changes the relative portions of these two contributions, making the abnormal beam undergo a phase transition from vortex generation to spin‐Hall shift. Such intriguing effect is experimentally observed at a purposely designed metamaterial slab, exhibiting efficiency enhanced by several‐thousand times compared to that at a conventional slab. These findings unify two previously discovered effects in a single framework, reinterpret previous results with clearer pictures, and shed light on understanding other physical effects involving the competition between intrinsic and extrinsic OAM.

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“…for vertically polarized incidence [135]. The shift is generally much smaller than the wavelength, so effort have been devoted to increasing the shift using metamaterials and metasurfaces [132,138,139]. A straightforward way to increase the shift is to design a medium that has polarization-dependent transmission or reflection characteristics.…”

Section: Light Propagation and Manipulation Using Hmmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analytic formula of the shift implies that the shift diverges as the Fresnel coefficient in the denominator approaches zero. However, the efficiency of the SHEL is defined as the intensity of the spin-separated beam divided by the intensity of the incident light [132] which decreases quickly due to the relationship with the square of the Fresnel coefficient in the denominator. Thus, many previous attempts to increase the SHEL have been marred with low efficiency.…”

Section: Light Propagation and Manipulation Using Hmmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A HMM composed of an array of metallic wires in a dielectric host has been suggested to achieve a large SHEL with near-unity efficiency (Fig. 6f ) [132]. Because of the in-plane anisotropy, the wire-based HMM structure shows near-unity transmission for one polarization but extremely low transmission for the other (Fig.…”

Section: Light Propagation and Manipulation Using Hmmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hyperbolic metamaterials: fusing artificial structures to natural 2D materials

Lee

et al. 2022

eLight

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215

136

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Optical metamaterials have presented an innovative method of manipulating light. Hyperbolic metamaterials have an extremely high anisotropy with a hyperbolic dispersion relation. They are able to support high-k modes and exhibit a high density of states which produce distinctive properties that have been exploited in various applications, such as super-resolution imaging, negative refraction, and enhanced emission control. Here, state-of-the-art hyperbolic metamaterials are reviewed, starting from the fundamental principles to applications of artificially structured hyperbolic media to suggest ways to fuse natural two-dimensional hyperbolic materials. The review concludes by indicating the current challenges and our vision for future applications of hyperbolic metamaterials.

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Spin Hall Effect of Light with Near‐Unity Efficiency in the Microwave

Cited by 45 publications

References 53 publications

Spin Hall Effect under Arbitrarily Polarized or Unpolarized Light

Spin Hall Effect under Arbitrarily Polarized or Unpolarized Light

Topology‐Induced Phase Transitions in Spin‐Orbit Photonics

Hyperbolic metamaterials: fusing artificial structures to natural 2D materials

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