Spin-forbiddenc3Σ+(Ω=1)←

Abstract

Comprehensive spectroscopic studies of hot and ultracold samples of NaCs molecules were combined to complete the investigation of the (3) = 1 ← X 1 + transition for the NaCs molecule. Polarization labeling, photoassociation, and pulsed laser depletion spectroscopy were used to collect data on rovibrational levels of the (3) = 1 state [here described as the c 3 + state in Hund's case (a) notation]. The highest observed level was v = 72 located ∼5 GHz below the atomic asymptote Na(3 2 S 1/2 ) + Cs(6 2 P 3/2 ). Approximately 1400 levels were used to construct the potential energy curve of the (3) = 1 state for the full range of interatomic distances.

Observation of photoassociation of ultracold sodium and cesium at the asymptote Na (3S1/2) + Cs (6P1/2)

“…However, we have accepted the electronic and ro-vibrational assignments proposed in Ref. 43 for our PA resonances. In this context, we must emphasize that attributing near-dissociation levels to a definite Hund's case "a" electronic state is simply done out of convention: in fact, they are blends of components from different electronic characters caused by the fine and hyperfine coupling.…”

“…By using the PA approach, the ultracold NaCs molecules were created by Bigelow and co-workers for the first time. 42 Photoassociation spectra for several electronic states of NaCs molecules, i.e., the 1 1 Σ + , 42 the c 3 Σ + , 43 and the X 1 Σ +44 states, had been obtained using the ionization detection technique. 45,46 Ground-state NaCs molecules have been reached by the decay following the PA process 46 or by optical pumping approaches.…”

Fourier-transform spectroscopy and relativistic electronic structure calculation on the $c^3Σ^+$ state of KCs

“…In earlier works [21,22] the local SO interaction between c 3 Σ + and B 1 Π states was studied in NaRb applying high-resolution sub-Doppler laser spectroscopy; the deperturbed molecular constants of each state and the relevant SO matrix elements were determined in the framework of the effective Hamiltonian approach. Polarization-labeling spectroscopy, as well as photoassociation (PA) and pulsed laser-depletion spectroscopy of ultracold species were applied to NaCs in [23] yielding an abundant data set of the c 3 Σ + (Ω = 1) state used to extract the conventional Dunham molecular constants, including the v , J -independent Ω-doubling constant q ≈ +1.4 × 10 −4 cm −1 . The B 1 Π state of NaCs has been investigated in [24] in a wide energy range revealing numerous perturbation regions by high-resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy (FTS) of laser-induce fluorescence (LIF) and in [25] by polarization labeling spectroscopy; the empirical point-wise adiabatic potentials have been reconstructed applying the robust Inverted Perturbation Approach (IPA) [26].…”

Experimental studies of the NaCs 12(0+) [71Σ+] state: Spin-orbit and non-adiabatic interactions and quantum interference in the 12(0+) [71Σ+] and 11(0+) [53Π] emission spectra

“…38 The NaCs molecule has the second largest permanent electric dipole moment of all heteronuclear alkali diatomic molecules, and it is therefore of considerable interest for various ultracold molecule applications. 35,36,[42][43][44][45][46][47] Due to this interest, a number of spectroscopic investigations of NaCs have been carried out in recent years. NaCs was first studied at high resolution by Onomichi and Katô 48 and by Diemer et al 49 Docenko et al 44,50 accurately mapped the NaCs ground state, and a detailed study by Zaharova et al 51 sorted out the important b 3 Π ∼ A 1 Σ + spin-orbit perturbed manifold, the levels of which serve as intermediate states in the doubleresonance experiments described below and in the work of Ashman et al 52 Docenko et al 53 used high-resolution Fouriertransform spectroscopy to fit the potential of the (3) 1 Π state and Grochola et al 46 mapped the c 3 Σ + (Ω = 1) state using polarization labeling, photoassociation, and pulsed laser depletion spectroscopies.…”