“…Owing to the close proportionality in both ( 3 He, t) and (p, p ′ ) reactions, it is expected that the analog GT and spin-M 1 states are excited with corresponding strengths. In (p, p ′ ) measurements, it is reported that the J π = 1 + spin-M 1 states in the even-even pf -shell nuclei are observed in the E x = 7 − 14 MeV region [61][62][63]. Furthermore, by comparing the (p, p ′ ) and ( 3 He, t) spectra measured at 0 • , corresponding states, i.e., isospin analog states, populated in M 1 σ and GT transitions starting from T z = +1 pf -shell nuclei 58 Ni and 54 Fe have been studied in detail for the 58 Ni and 58 Cu pair and the 54 Fe and 54 Co pair, respectively [20,21].…”