Spike statistics features of the radar sea clutter in the millimeter wave band at extremely small grazing angles

Gutnik, V. G.; Kulemin, Gennady P.; Sharapov, L. I.

doi:10.1109/msmw.2001.946876

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…As shown in Figure 5, the probability of sea spikes increases gradually with a decrease in grazing angle. This result implies that phenomenon of sea spikes is more likely to occur at smaller grazing angles, which is consistent with conclusions in the literature [16,17,23]. At the same time, we perform curve fitting for these three groups of data and find that they almost show a linear trend of change at their ranges of grazing angle.…”

Section: Grazing Anglesupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Smith et al [16] inferred that sea spikes occurred more frequently when there were breaking waves in the radar illuminating area. Gutnik et al [17] discovered that the probability of sea spikes' occurrence in a single distance gate, at a certain time, can be approximately characterized by a Poisson distribution. Yang et al [18] proposed a statistical characteristic method for sea spikes from the spatial and time domains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Influencing Factors on S-Band Sea Spikes

Peng

Zhang

et al. 2022

Electronics

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While detecting targets on the sea by radar that looks downward, sea spikes similar to the target echoes cause false alarms, especially at low grazing angles. To suppress the interference of sea spikes on target detection, it is important to study the factors influencing the occurrence probability of sea spikes during radar inspections. Based on measured sea clutter data, this study uses the amplitude threshold, duration time, and interval time to identify sea spikes from sea clutter and uses the pulse number per unit time to characterize their occurrence probability. The influences of the grazing angle, wave height, wave direction, and wind speed on the occurrence probability of sea spikes were analyzed. The results indicate that the occurrence probability of sea spikes increases exponentially with decreasing grazing angle in the range from 0.7° to 7.1°, and linearly with increasing wind speed. Wave direction has little or no influence on the probability of sea spikes. At the smaller grazing angles, from 0.7° to 1.7°, the influence of wave height on the probability of sea spikes’ occurrence is obvious, showing a linear trend, but in the range of 2.6° to 7.1°, the influence is not obvious. In addition, the occurrence probability of sea spikes is found greater at wave heights from 0.9 m to 1.1 m relative to other wave heights, which is worthy of further study.

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Section: Grazing Anglesupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Influencing Factors on S-Band Sea Spikes

Peng

Zhang

et al. 2022

Electronics

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“…The waves here show banding patterns, which correspond to the crest and trough. This means it is possible to calculate the orbital velocity and subsequently the phase velocity and the sea-spike wavelength [11]. The detailed analysis will be reported in a separate publication.…”

Section: A Range-time Doppler Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doppler Characteristics of Sea Clutter at K-band and W-band: Results from the St Andrews and Coniston Water Trials

Rahman,

Vattulainen,

Robertson

2023

2023 IEEE International Radar Conference (RADAR)

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This study reports on the experimental results from two field trials conducted by the University of St Andrews, focusing exclusively here on Doppler data. The first trial was at the Bruce Embankment in St Andrews, UK (winter 2020) and the second one was at Coniston Water in the Lake District, UK (autumn 2022). A 24 GHz K-band radar and a 94 GHz W-band radar were used in both trials to collect sea clutter data for phenomenology studies. As very few sea clutter data and analysis of these are available in the literature at these high frequencies, the results are expected to be of general interest within this field of study. The data collection at both trials was done for low grazing angles in the littoral zone. The datasets are quite varied in terms of wave direction, polarization and wind speed. The Doppler signatures and corresponding statistical parameters for these various conditions are reported here. The spectral analysis of different wave types (burst, whitecap, rough surface scattering) along with the combined spectra are also discussed. It is anticipated that these empirical results will be the precursor for improving upon the frequency ranges of existing sea clutter Doppler models.

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Spike statistics features of the radar sea clutter in the millimeter wave band at extremely small grazing angles

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Analysis of the Influencing Factors on S-Band Sea Spikes

Analysis of the Influencing Factors on S-Band Sea Spikes

Doppler Characteristics of Sea Clutter at K-band and W-band: Results from the St Andrews and Coniston Water Trials

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