Spiers Memorial Lecture : Carbon nanostructures by macromolecular design – from branched polyphenylenes to nanographenes and graphene nanoribbons

Abstract

Nanographenes (NGs) and graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are unique connectors between the domains of 1D-conjugated polymers and 2D-graphenes. They can be synthesized with high precision by oxidative flattening processes from dendritic...

From Hexaphenylbenzene to 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexacyclohexylcyclohexane

“… 5 , 6 Branched PPs also serve as precursors of “graphenic” molecules such as nanographenes, graphene nanoribbons, and nanobelts through oxidative dehydrogenation. 7 − 13 On the contrary, related structures made from cyclohexylene and cyclohexyl as repeating units have attracted much less attention. The saturated counterpart of poly- para -phenylene, polycyclohexylene, can be synthesized through anionic polymerization of 1,3-cyclohexadiene 14 − 16 and subsequent hydrogenation, 17 but it contains both 1,2- and 1,4-connections ( Scheme 1 A).…”

Novel Synthetic Approach to Heteroatom Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Optimizing the Bottom-Up Approach to Atomically Precise Doped Nanographenes

“…In this respect, this approach is an evolution of a work started decades ago dedicated to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and has cast a new light on this subject. Exhaustive and analytical reviews by Mullen et al [ 19 , 20 ] have recently analyzed the historical role of PAHs and how they transformed from subjects of fundamental and theoretical interest into the protagonists of a “hot” area of research in which the expertise of synthetic organic chemistry is perfectly combined with those of material sciences. A number of recent reviews on this [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ] testify the amount of research work dedicated to PAHs, their heteroatom doped derivatives and their applications.…”

Diels–Alder Cycloaddition with CO, CO2, SO2, or N2 Extrusion: A Powerful Tool for Material Chemistry

“…The application possibilities listed above have been discussed in this review. Particular attention is paid to nanographenes, including functionalized and heteroatoms-doped ones, which preparation and new applications constitute a “hot topic” in science and technology [ 6 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. Currently, only bottom-up methods, where nanographene is constructed from smaller entities by stepwise organic synthesis, allow the preparation of nanographenes, including functionalized and doped ones, with perfect control of shapes and sizes and, therefore, perfectly defined properties [ 2 , 5 , 6 , 11 , 12 ,…”

“…It should be added that nanographenes (graphenoids), obtained via reactions discussed in this review, can be planar or otherwise distorted, that is, non-planar, one- (1D), two- (2D), and three-dimensional (3D) [ 6 , 11 , 12 , 17 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 43 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 52 ]. Graphenoids with planar sheets of varying size, shape, and periphery have made great progress in practical applications of electronics, energy storage, catalysis, and biosensing [ 6 , 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 47 , 50 , 52 , 53 ]. In recent years, a growing number of graphenoid studies have focused on unusual curved and warped stru...…”