Spider diagram with greenness evaluation metrics for assessing the new synchronous spectrofluorimetric determination of bicalutamide and resveratrol in human plasma

Abstract

A simple, selective, and eco‐friendly synchronous fluorescence approach was introduced for the first time for the concurrent estimation of the anticancer combination therapy of bicalutamide and resveratrol. The method relies on measuring the synchronous fluorescence spectra of bicalutamide and resveratrol at 269 nm and 320 nm, respectively, using Δλ of 60 nm with ethanol as a green diluting solvent. The procedure was optimized, and the method was then fully validated. Excellent linearity (R2> 0.999) with very low detection limits (0.044 and 2.001 ng/mL) were obtained for both drugs, allowing for their analysis in human plasma. The green profile of the suggested approach was evaluated using the Green Solvents Selecting Tool (GSST), spider diagram for greenness index assessment, green analytical process index (GAPI), and Analytical GREEnness (AGREE) metric tools. These assessment metrics confirmed that the recommended approach met the maximum number of green requirements, recommending its application as a green substitute for the regular analysis of the concerned drugs in human plasma. The simplicity of sample measurement enables and substantially accelerates the analysis, resulting in lower costs, enhanced procedure accuracy, and lower environmental impact.

A sustainable sensitive spectrofluorimetric approach for the determination of the multipotent protein lactoferrin in different pharmaceuticals and infant milk formula: Compliance with greenness metrics

“…The spectrofluorimetric technique has proved to be a facile analytical tool for the determination of many pharmaceutical and biomedical products [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Because spectrofluorimetry is an easy, inexpensive, sensitive, and selective method that allows the detection of low concentrations of the tested analyte, the aim of the current study was to present a novel spectrofluorimetric approach for the quantitation of lactoferrin in different pharmaceuticals and milk powder samples.…”

A green micelle‐enhanced first derivative synchronous fluorescence approach for determination of donepezil HCl and trazodone HCl in their pure state, pharmaceutical dosage form and spiked human plasma

“…SFS allows the simultaneous detection of excitation and emission fluorescence spectra with high selectivity, diminished interference and enhanced spectral resolution [2][3][4]. Exaggerated sensitivity, improved spectral discrimination and even more reliable determination of chemical substances in multicomponent analysis are all benefits of combining synchronous scanning spectrofluorimetry with derivative approaches [5][6][7][8][9].…”

A green, fluorescent probe employing erythrosine-B for tracing the accidental administration of levamisole in milk and plasma samples

“…The significance of spectrofluorimetry for the determination of various pharmaceuticals in different matrices could be illustrated by reviewing early reported methods in the literature. 17–26…”