SPICE Model for Fast Time Domain Simulation of Power Transformers, Exploiting the Ferromagnetic Hysteresis and Eddy-Currents

Mandache, Lucian; Topan, Dumitru; Iordache, Mihai; Sirbu, Ioana Gabriela

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-34560-9_15

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The paper [44] discusses a non-linear inductor model for SPICE, taking into account the hysteresis of the magnetization curve described by the Jiles-Atherton model [45], eddy currents in the core, and power losses in the core caused by the hysteresis phenomenon, as well as the presence of an air gap in the magnetic core. The calculation results presented in the cited paper showed the correctness of the shape of the obtained waveforms of voltages and clamping currents of the inductor, as well as the magnetization curves for inductors with a sheet metal core made of silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 50 Hz to 1 kHz.…”

Section: Non-linear Isothermal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPICE-Aided Models of Magnetic Elements—A Critical Review

Górecki,

Detka

2023

Energies

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This article analyzes the problem of modeling the properties of such magnetic elements as inductors, coupled inductors, and transformers using the SPICE software (version 17.2). Both the classical models of magnetic elements, built in this software, and the models implemented in the form of subcircuits are described. In particular, attention was paid to the possibility of taking into account the non-linearity of the characteristics of the considered elements and mutual couplings between electrical, magnetic, and thermal quantities. Using the results of thermographic measurements, the need to take into account the differences in temperature values between the individual windings and the core of inductors and transformers was justified. Selected models of the considered elements given in the literature are briefly characterized. The network structures of the electrothermal models of the considered elements elaborated at Gdynia Maritime University are presented. The results of calculations and measurements illustrating the correctness of the described models and their prac-tical usefulness for the elements of different structures are presented and discussed.

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Section: Non-linear Isothermal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPICE-Aided Models of Magnetic Elements—A Critical Review

Górecki,

Detka

2023

Energies

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“…14 Mandache et al proposed an accurate time-domain model of nonlinear inductance that takes into account hysteresis and eddy current effects. 15 Sharan et al researched the impact of armature length, working air gap length, feedback rod stiffness, and spring tube stiffness on the output displacement characteristics of torque motors. 16 Gordi et al used sensitivity analysis to study the influence of key parameters such as working air gap length and residual magnetic flux density on the dynamic performance of servo valves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The modeling and analysis of operating characteristics and temperature drift of deflector jet servo valve under the wide temperature range

Xiaoxue,

Yaobao,

Shuwei

et al. 2024

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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The Deflector Jet Servo Valve (DJSV) holds a crucial role within the electro-hydraulic servo system, as its performance directly influences the equipment reliability. DJSV operates within a wide temperature range, and the temperature fluctuations result in the magnetomotive force variations of the permanent magnets and changes in the working air gaps, which influence the operating characteristics of the torque motor and contribute to temperature drift. Consequently, a theoretical model is proposed to comprehensively analyze the impact of these factors on the operating characteristics and temperature drift of the DJSV. The results indicate that as the temperature increases, the magnetic flux of working air gap decreases, while the temperature drift increases. Additionally, among the five initial air gap errors discussed, a centrosymmetric error of less than 0.02 l can significantly reduce the temperature drift. The proposed modeling and analysis method of temperature drift can be used to guide the design and analysis of DJSV in wide temperature range.

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“…Reference [ 14 ] is focused on instantaneous powers in non-linear switched circuits. Reference [ 15 ] reports instantaneous hysteresis loss and eddy current loss, as calculated numerically on the basis of the Jiles–Atherton model [ 16 ]. More recently, Petrun et al [ 17 , 18 ] reported power functions that were calculated theoretically for rather high frequencies of 1000 Hz and 400 Hz, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Aspects of Instantaneous Magnetization Power Functions of Silicon Iron Laminations

Pfützner

Shilyashki

Bengtsson³

et al. 2022

J. Electr. Eng. Technol.

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Magnetic energy loss P of SiFe steel represents a key factor for the efficiency of soft magnetic machine cores. Traditionally, they are operated with 50 Hz (or 60 Hz), a frequency value that yields rather balanced portions of hysteresis loss and eddy current loss. In equivalent circuits of transformers, P tends to be represented by a magnetic power resistance RM, as a constant. For the most important case of sinusoidal induction B of 50 Hz, this would correspond to an instantaneous magnetization power function p(t) that is sinusoidal as well, however, with 100 Hz (or 120 Hz). On the other hand, from complex, non-linear mechanisms of hysteresis, it is obvious that p(t) should be strongly non-sinusoidal, even for exactly sinusoidal B(t). So far, almost all corresponding instantaneous investigations were restricted to calculated modelling of loss portions and transient modelling. On the other hand, for the first time, the present study was focussed on functions p(t) as measured at IEC-standardized samples of industrially relevant steel. Practical evaluations are discussed with respect to the revealed “history” of magnetization processes, as well as for product characterization. For these tasks, a novel digitized “Low-mass Single Sheet Tester” was developed that was applied for both non-oriented steel (NO) and grain-oriented steel (GO), for 50 Hz. Interpretations proved to be favoured by relating p(t) to total P, according to an instantaneous power ratio. As a result, both steel types revealed strongly non-sinusoidal power functions, with short durations of negative p. Negative p proved to be most pronounced for NO steel, as a measure for the onset of reversible turns of atomic moments. As a consequence, p(t) comprises strong upper harmonics of 200 Hz and even 300 Hz. Based on theoretical considerations, we split p(t) in a dissipative loss power function pL(t) and in a potential energy power function pP(t). Finally, we used p(t) to determine the corresponding power resistance RM(t) that proves to be a distinctly nonlinear function as well. It resembles a rectified co-sinus, also exhibiting short negative spikes that reflect the crystallographic dis-orientation of the polycrystalline material.

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SPICE Model for Fast Time Domain Simulation of Power Transformers, Exploiting the Ferromagnetic Hysteresis and Eddy-Currents

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

SPICE-Aided Models of Magnetic Elements—A Critical Review

SPICE-Aided Models of Magnetic Elements—A Critical Review

The modeling and analysis of operating characteristics and temperature drift of deflector jet servo valve under the wide temperature range

Practical Aspects of Instantaneous Magnetization Power Functions of Silicon Iron Laminations

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