Sphingomonas spermidinifaciens sp. nov., a novel bacterium containing spermidine as the major polyamine, isolated from an abandoned lead–zinc mine and emended descriptions of the genus Sphingomonas and the species Sphingomonas yantingensis and Sphingomonas japonica

Abstract

A yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, designated 9NM-10T, was isolated from an abandoned lead-zinc mine in Meizhou, Guangdong Province, China. Cells were strictly aerobic, Gram-stain-negative and motile with a polar monotrichous flagellum. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 9NM-10T belongs to the genus Sphingomonas and was most closely related to Sphingomonas yantingensis JCM 19201T and Sphingomonas japonica JCM 15438T. DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain 9NM-10T and these two type strains were 43.6±1.3 and 35.4±0.9 %, respectively. It contained Q-10 as the predominant respiratory quinone and the major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω6c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain 9NM-10T was 68.7±0.2 mol%. The polar lipids were sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified phospholipid and three unidentified lipids. Strain 9NM-10T contained spermidine as the major polyamine. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analyses, strain 9NM-10T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas, for which the name Sphingomonas spermidinifaciens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 9NM-10T (=GDMCC 1.657T=DSM 27571T). Descriptions of the genus of Sphingomonas and the species Sphingomonas yantingensis and Sphingomonas japonica were also emended in this study.

Description of Sphingomonas mesophila sp. nov., isolated from Gastrodia elata Blume

“…The respiratory quinone of SYSUP0001 T was ubiquinone Q-10, which was consistent with other members of the genus Sphingomonas [8,11]. The major fatty acids of SYSUP0001 T include C 18 : 1 !7c, summed feature 3 (C 16 : 1 !7c/C 16 : 1 !6c) and C 16 : 0 .…”

“…The genus has been subsequently emended by Takeuchi et al [2,3], Yabuuchi et al [4,5], Busse et al [6], Chen et al [7], and Feng et al [8]. Members of this genus have been reported from land [9] and water habitats [10][11][12], as well as from air [6,9], plant [13], lead-zinc ore [8], and other sources [6]. At the time of writing, the genus includes 127 species with validly published names (http:// www.bacterio.net/sphingomonas.html).…”

Transfer of Sphingorhabdus marina, Sphingorhabdus litoris, Sphingorhabdus flavimaris and Sphingorhabdus pacifica corrig. into the novel genus Parasphingorhabdus gen. nov. and Sphingopyxis baekryungensis into the novel genus Novosphingopyxis gen. nov. within the family Sphingomonadaceae

“…Cellular fatty acids were extracted and determined by using a GC (Agilent 7890B) according to the protocol of the Sherlock Microbial Identification System. Polyamines were extracted and dansylated as described by Scherer and Kneifel [29] and then analysed using an HPLC (Agilent 1200A) as described previously [17].…”

Sphingomonas segetis sp. nov., isolated from spinach farming field soil

“…The genus Sphingomonas belonging to the family Sphingomonadaceae of the class Alphaproteobacteria [1][2][3], was first described by Yabuuchi et al [4] with the type species of the genus Sphingomonas paucimobilis. The description of the genus has been subsequently emended by Takeuchi et al [5,6], Yabuuchi et al [7,8], Busse et al [9], Chen et al [10] and Feng et al [11]. At the time of writing, the genus Sphingomonas comprised 131 recognized species with validly published names ( www.…”

“…Members of the genus Sphingomonas are Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, chemoheterotrophic, non-sporulating rods and non-motile or motile by means of single polar flagellum or gliding. In addition, they are characterized chemotaxonomically by the presence of ubiquinone-10, containing supermidine or symhomospermidine as the major polyamine and glycosphingolipids as major components of outer membrane and the DNA G+C content is 62-68 mol% [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. In the course of a study focused on the isolation of rhizosphere bacteria used in PGPR (plant-growth-promoting rhizosphere) from spinach farming field soil sampled at Bigeum Island in Shinan, southwest Republic of Korea, a novel Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated strain YJ09 T , was isolated and identified as a member of the genus Sphingomonas.…”