Sphingolipid biosynthesis is essential for metabolic rewiring during T _H 17 cell differentiation

Abstract

T helper 17 (T H 17) cells are implicated in autoimmune diseases, and several metabolic processes are shown to be important for their development and function. In this study, we report an essential role for sphingolipids synthesized through the de novo pathway in T H 17 cell development. Deficiency of SPTLC1 , a major subunit of serine palmitoyl transferase enzyme complex that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of de novo sphingolipid synthesis, impaired glycolysis in differentiating T H 17 cells by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) through enhancement of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 activity. Increased ROS leads to impaired activation of mammalian target of rapamycin C1 and reduced expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1–alpha and c-Myc–induced glycolytic genes. SPTLCI deficiency protected mice from developing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and experimental T cell transfer colitis. Our results thus show a critical role for de novo sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway in shaping adaptive immune responses with implications in autoimmune diseases.

Multiomics analyses decipher intricate changes in the cellular and metabolic landscape of steatotic livers upon dietary restriction and sleeve gastrectomy

“…However, numerous PPAR dual/pan agonists have failed to reach clinical practices, because they could not satisfy clinical endpoints (amelioration of e.g., liver injury, fibrosis, steatosis) 31 . It has been reported that lipid metabolism is critical in immune response 32,33 . Conspicuously, our study outlined plausible direct links between metabolism restoration and myeloid cell infiltration in post-SG steatotic rat livers.…”