Sphincter‐preserving radiation therapy for rectal cancer: a simulation study using three‐dimensional computerized technology

Gervaz, Pascal; Lavertu, Sophie; Kazemba, Bret D.; Pemberton, J. H.; Haddock, Michael G.; Gunderson, L. L.

doi:10.1111/j.1463-1318.2006.01015.x

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In contrast to conventional protocols, IMRT conforms radiation tightly to tumors and high-risk regions, sparing nearby critical normal tissues. This technique is feasible for rectal carcinomas [ 29 ] and has been applied to SCCA in two studies, which similarly demonstrated that IMRT was effective (92% response rate), with a reduction of dermatologic toxicity and a better therapeutic index in comparison with historical standards [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Novel Chemoradiation Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Diagnosis and management of anal cancer

Gervaz

Buchs

Morel

2008

Curr Gastroenterol Rep

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During the past three decades, anal cancer has served as a paradigm for the successful application of chemoradiation to solid tumors. Since the early 1990s, the increasing incidence of anal cancer in homosexual men has highlighted the causative role of oncogenic human papilloma-virus infection. This review focuses on significant trends and developments in the management of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal, emphasizing three major aspects of diagnosis and treatment: routine screening and eradication of premalignant lesions in high-risk individuals; outcome of chemoradiation therapy in HIV-positive individuals in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy; and potential improvements in chemoradiation protocols through improved radiation delivery technique and the combination of mitomycin with cisplatin in current prospective randomized trials.

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Section: Novel Chemoradiation Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Diagnosis and management of anal cancer

Gervaz

Buchs

Morel

2008

Curr Gastroenterol Rep

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“…It can reduce the received dose from original 33 Gy to 6 Gy 27 . For a certain portion of irradiation fields which include the anal sphincter and distal rectum, the dose should also be limited to 40~45 Gy 28 .…”

Section: Preoperative Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

Li¹,

Wang²,

Ma³

et al. 2016

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

184

127

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Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has become the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy not only can reduce tumor size and recurrence, but also increase the tumor resection rate and anus retention rate with very slight side effect. Comparing with preoperative chemotherapy, preoperative chemoradiotherapy can further reduce the local recurrence rate and downstage. Middle and low rectal cancers can benefit more from neoadjuvant chemradiotherapy than high rectal cancer. It needs to refine the selection of appropriate patients and irradiation modes for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Different therapeutic reactions to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy affect the type of surgical techniques, hence calling for the need of much attention. Furthermore, many problems such as accurate staging before surgery, selection of suitable neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy method, and sensitivity prediction to preoperative radiotherapy need to be well settled.

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“…In addition, a decrease in the volume of normal tissues in the radiation fields was also seen. Attempts are being made to selectively subtract the anal sphincter from the high-dose field in order to improve functioning outcome in patients with mid-rectal tumors scheduled for a low anterior resection [33] . Only lately, the IMRT technique with a five-field customized segmented plan has significantly reduced the volume of small and large bowel irradiated to high dose, which could potentially lead to less bowel toxicity [34] .…”

Section: Improvements In Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoadjuvant Radiochemotherapy for Rectal Cancer

Vini

2007

Dig Dis

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During the past few decades, significant progress has been achieved in the management of rectal cancer with the introduction of total mesorectal excision. The role of radiotherapy in improving local control and survival has been investigated extensively. Randomized trials of preoperative radiotherapy reported statistically significant lower local recurrence rates with either short regimens (25 Gy in 5 fractions) or conventionally fractionated regimens (45–50 Gy in 25 fractions) and some also showed a survival improvement. Preoperative radiotherapy appears more effective in terms of local control and toxicity compared to postoperative therapy. Several recent studies show that 5-FU-based chemotherapy enhances tumor response to radiotherapy and preoperative chemoradiotherapy is being increasingly used for stage II and III disease.

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Sphincter‐preserving radiation therapy for rectal cancer: a simulation study using three‐dimensional computerized technology

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Diagnosis and management of anal cancer

Diagnosis and management of anal cancer

A Review of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

Neoadjuvant Radiochemotherapy for Rectal Cancer

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