Spheroid formation of human thyroid cancer cells in an automated culturing system during the Shenzhou-8 Space mission

Pietsch, Jessica; Ma, Xiao; Wehland, Markus; Aleshcheva, Ganna; Schwarzwälder, Achim; Segerer, Jürgen; Birlem, Maria; Horn, Astrid; Bauer, Johann; Infanger, Manfred; Grimm, Daniela

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.06.054

Cited by 88 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…2,11,[49][50][51] Only a part of the cells of a monolayer change their growth behavior, when exposed to microgravity, while the other part continues to grow adherently. [52][53][54] However, when exposed to microgravity, both the adherently and the 3D growing cells alter their gene expression patterns.…”

Section: Known Mechanisms Involved In Spheroid Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, researchers have developed techniques to simulate microgravity on Earth and to prepare their future Space missions. [11][12][13][14] Several cell culture technologies simulating microgravity can be applied in tissue engineering and serve as ground-based facilities for biomedical research. It has been shown that gravitational unloading induces three-dimensional (3D) growth and assembly of cells into functional tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 They are formed in the absence of an artificial matrix or scaffolds. [10][11][12] Hence, these types of constructs have the advantage that they are not afflicted with foreign materials. This review will introduce available devices to simulate microgravity on Earth: the RPM, the rotating wall vessel (RWV), and the clinostat (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growing Tissues in Real and Simulated Microgravity: New Methods for Tissue Engineering

Grimm

Wehland

Pietsch

et al. 2014

Tissue Engineering Part B: Reviews

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122

137

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Tissue engineering in simulated (s-) and real microgravity (r-mg) is currently a topic in Space medicine contributing to biomedical sciences and their applications on Earth. The principal aim of this review is to highlight the advances and accomplishments in the field of tissue engineering that could be achieved by culturing cells in Space or by devices created to simulate microgravity on Earth. Understanding the biology of three-dimensional (3D) multicellular structures is very important for a more complete appreciation of in vivo tissue function and advancing in vitro tissue engineering efforts. Various cells exposed to r-mg in Space or to s-mg created by a random positioning machine, a 2D-clinostat, or a rotating wall vessel bioreactor grew in the form of 3D tissues. Hence, these methods represent a new strategy for tissue engineering of a variety of tissues, such as regenerated cartilage, artificial vessel constructs, and other organ tissues as well as multicellular cancer spheroids. These aggregates are used to study molecular mechanisms involved in angiogenesis, cancer development, and biology and for pharmacological testing of, for example, chemotherapeutic drugs or inhibitors of neoangiogenesis. Moreover, they are useful for studying multicellular responses in toxicology and radiation biology, or for performing coculture experiments. The future will show whether these tissue-engineered constructs can be used for medical transplantations. Unveiling the mechanisms of microgravity-dependent molecular and cellular changes is an up-to-date requirement for improving Space medicine and developing new treatment strategies that can be translated to in vivo models while reducing the use of laboratory animals.

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Section: Known Mechanisms Involved In Spheroid Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growing Tissues in Real and Simulated Microgravity: New Methods for Tissue Engineering

Grimm

Wehland

Pietsch

et al. 2014

Tissue Engineering Part B: Reviews

Self Cite

122

137

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“…A reduction in the gravitational force, in turn, alters body fluid flow as well as the architecture and three-dimensional organization of tissues and cells. [6][7][8] Space experiments and ground-based simulations have also shown that both factors induce marked changes in gene expression. [9][10][11] Despite these documented relationships, major uncertainties remain regarding the exact contribution of IR and μg to human disorders and the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms.…”

Section: Relevance Of Biological Space Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because cells in real μg do not experience fluid shear (which is typically present in μg simulations), it has been proposed that biochemical cues are the main drivers for their aggregation. 8 Cells grown in spheroid cultures have a markedly different physiology than when grown in monolayers. For instance, ovarian tumor spheroids are more resistant to antineoplastic drugs 39 and human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) spheroids have an enhanced osteogenic and adipogenic potential compared to their resp.…”

Section: Biological Model Systems For Space Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Invited Review Article: Advanced light microscopy for biological space research

Vos

Beghuin²,

Schwarz

et al. 2014

Review of Scientific Instruments

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As commercial space flights have become feasible and long-term extraterrestrial missions are planned, it is imperative that the impact of space travel and the space environment on human physiology be thoroughly characterized. Scrutinizing the effects of potentially detrimental factors such as ionizing radiation and microgravity at the cellular and tissue level demands adequate visualization technology. Advanced light microscopy (ALM) is the leading tool for non-destructive structural and functional investigation of static as well as dynamic biological systems. In recent years, technological developments and advances in photochemistry and genetic engineering have boosted all aspects of resolution, readout and throughput, rendering ALM ideally suited for biological space research. While various microscopy-based studies have addressed cellular response to space-related environmental stressors, biological endpoints have typically been determined only after the mission, leaving an experimental gap that is prone to bias results. An on-board, real-time microscopical monitoring device can bridge this gap. Breadboards and even fully operational microscope setups have been conceived, but they need to be rendered more compact and versatile. Most importantly, they must allow addressing the impact of gravity, or the lack thereof, on physiologically relevant biological systems in space and in ground-based simulations. In order to delineate the essential functionalities for such a system, we have reviewed the pending questions in space science, the relevant biological model systems, and the state-of-the art in ALM. Based on a rigorous trade-off, in which we recognize the relevance of multi-cellular systems and the cellular microenvironment, we propose a compact, but flexible concept for space-related cell biological research that is based on light sheet microscopy.

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A review of manufacturing capabilities of cell spheroid generation technologies and future development

Liú

Chen

Naing

2020

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Spheroid culture provides cells with a three‐dimensional environment that can better mimic physiological conditions compared to monolayer culture. Technologies involved in the generation of cell spheroids are continuously being innovated to produce spheroids with enhanced properties. In this paper, we review the manufacturing capabilities of current cell spheroid generation technologies. We propose that spheroid generation technologies should enable tight and robust process controls to produce spheroids of consistent and repeatable quality. Future technology development for the generation of cell spheroids should look into improvement in process control, standardization, scalability and monitoring, in addition to advanced methods of spheroid transfer and characterization.

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Spheroid formation of human thyroid cancer cells in an automated culturing system during the Shenzhou-8 Space mission

Cited by 88 publications

References 49 publications

Growing Tissues in Real and Simulated Microgravity: New Methods for Tissue Engineering

Growing Tissues in Real and Simulated Microgravity: New Methods for Tissue Engineering

Invited Review Article: Advanced light microscopy for biological space research

A review of manufacturing capabilities of cell spheroid generation technologies and future development

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