Spherical versus flat models of coseismic and postseismic deformations

Nostro, C.; Piersanti, Antonio; Antonioli, Andrea; Spada, Giorgio

doi:10.1029/1999jb900097

Cited by 40 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…In comparison, the layering effect dominates over the other two. The Earth stratification plays a more important role, coincides with Pollitz (1996), Nostro et al (1999), Sun & Okubo (2002). With the rapid technical development in the space geodesy, coseismic surface displacement can be measured nowadays with mm accuracy at epicentral distances of up to 5000 km (Petrov et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussion a N D C O N C L U S I O N Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The curvature effect was also investigated by other scientists, for example, Nostro et al (1999), who performed exhaustive study of coseismic and post-seismic surface deformations induced by shear dislocations using fiat and spherical earth models. The differences between predictions based on fiat and spherical models are due both to their global geometry and the effect of the gravity forces.…”

Section: T H E E F F E C T O F E a Rt H ' S C U Rvat U R E O N C O S mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soldati et al (1998) also studied the gravitational perturbation for a layered incompressible Earth based on the normal model technique. Nostro et al (1999) discussed the coseismic and post-seismic response by comparing flat models with spherical ones, based on an incompressible, self-gravitating Maxwell body. They found the self-gravitation has a minor role with respect to the coseismic deformations while the effects increase for the post-seismic regime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Earth's layered structure, gravity and curvature on coseismic deformation

Dong

Sun

Xiao-hong

et al. 2014

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YThe effects of Earth's layered structure, gravity and curvature on coseismic deformation are systematically quantified for all fundamental point sources and some finite-fault sources, respectively. The point-source simulations show that the layering effect (about ≤25 per cent) is significantly higher than the gravity effect (about ≤11 per cent) and the curvature effect (about ≤5 per cent). A case study on the 2011 M w 9.0 Tohoku earthquake is made to quantify the uncertainties of the dislocation models of large earthquakes, in which the three different effects are neglected. Finally, it is investigated how geodetic finite-fault slip inversions are affected by neglecting the layering effect.

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Section: Discussion a N D C O N C L U S I O N Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: T H E E F F E C T O F E a Rt H ' S C U Rvat U R E O N C O S mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Earth's layered structure, gravity and curvature on coseismic deformation

Dong

Sun

Xiao-hong

et al. 2014

Geophysical Journal International

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“…All of these research approaches for a spherical earth are based on the numerical normal mode, but there are accuracy problems due to internal numerical calculation difficulties because it is assumed very limited number of layers (Tanaka et al 2006). Some other scientists (Piersanti et al 1995;Nostro et al 1999;Melini et al 2008) investigated the curvature effect based on an incompressible model, while Nostro et al (1999) studied coseismic and post-seismic surface deformation induced by shear dislocations using flat and spherical earth models. The differences between predictions based on flat and spherical models are because of their global geometry and the effect of the gravity forces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analytical approach to estimate curvature effect of coseismic deformations

et al. 2016

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S U M M A R YWe present an analytical approach to compute the curvature effect by the new analytical solutions of coseismic deformation derived for the homogeneous sphere model. We consider two spheres with different radii: one is the same as earth and the other with a larger radius can approximate a half-space model. Then, we calculate the coseismic displacements for the two spheres and define the relative percentage of the displacements as the curvature effect. The near-field curvature effect is defined relative to the maximum coseismic displacement. The results show that the maximum curvature effect is about 4 per cent for source depths of less than 100 km, and about 30 per cent for source depths of less than 600 km. For the far-field curvature effect, we define it relative to the observing point. The curvature effect is extremely large and sometimes exceeds 100 per cent. Moreover, this new approach can be used to estimate any planet's curvature effect quantitatively. For a smaller sphere, such as the Moon, the curvature effect is much larger than that of the Earth, with an inverse ratio to the earth's radius.

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“…The adoption of a spherical model is likely to be not meaningless, since the area under examination has a linear extension of some hundreds of km (see Nostro et al, [1999] cm, except for the baseline GEMS-CATH, where the predicted contraction reaches the highest level. It has to be underlined that the model curves of Figure 4 are not retrieved by inversion but by forward-type modelling, so they do not represent any fit of data, but refer to a completely independent data set (from seismology).…”

Section: Post-seismic Relaxation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current motion and short-term deformations in the Suez–Sinai area from GPS observations

Riguzzi

Pietrantonio

Piersanti

et al. 2006

Journal of Geodynamics

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SUMMARYWe analyze data from four GPS campaigns carried out between 1997 and 2002 on a network of 11 sites in the Suez-Sinai, the area of collision between the African and the Arabian plates. This is the key area to understand how and in which way Sinai behaves like a sub-plate of the African plate and the role played between seismic and geodetic (long term) deformation release.Our analysis shows that, on average, the Suez-Sinai area motion (in terms of ITRF00 velocities) matches African plate motion (NNR-NUVEL-1A model).However, the baseline length variations show transient deformations in Sinai and across the Gulf of Suez, reaching up a maximum value of about 1.5 cm in five years.Since current geodynamical models do not predict significant tectonic deformation in this area, we worked under the hypothesis that a contribute may be due to post-seismic relaxation. However, since the modelled post-seismic effect results modest and a certain amount of the detected deformation is not accounted for, we think that an improved modelling should take into account the lateral heterogeneities of crust and upper mantle structures.

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Spherical versus flat models of coseismic and postseismic deformations

Cited by 40 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of Earth's layered structure, gravity and curvature on coseismic deformation

Effects of Earth's layered structure, gravity and curvature on coseismic deformation

An analytical approach to estimate curvature effect of coseismic deformations

Current motion and short-term deformations in the Suez–Sinai area from GPS observations

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