“…To address these issues, there are four main strategies in the realm of research: the fabrication of sulfur cathode structure, the modification of separators, the development of novel electrolytes, and the protection of lithium anode . Among them, separator modification for Li–S batteries is regarded as a facile and effective measurement, which involves constructing a functional interlayer between the cathode and the separator to alleviate the shuttle effect of LiPSs which cannot be prevented by commercial polypropylene (PP) separators. − Introducing carbon materials, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, hollow carbon spheres, Super P, MXene, − quantum dots, and carbon aerogels, has been a prevalent approach in the fabrication of separator interlayers in Li–S batteries and regulation of lithium-ion dynamics, whereas the spatial architecture and adsorption properties of materials impose constraints on their ability to suppress the shuttle effect, and regrettably, significant functional deterioration occurs when the cathode exhibits a high sulfur loading. Moreover, the coverage of separator pores hinders the transport of lithium ions, resulting in sluggish LiPS conversion kinetics.…”