Sperm traits in farmed and wild Atlantic salmon <i>Salmo salar</i>

Camarillo-Sepulveda, Nancy; Hamoutene, Dounia; Lush, L.; Burt, K.; Volkoff, Hélène; Fleming, Ian A.

doi:10.1111/jfb.12801

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Moreover, males with less ornamentation had higher sperm motility and greater fertilization success, but produced less viable embryos (Kekäläinen et al 2015). Differences in competitive ability of sperm may in part explain differences in reproductive success between hatchery and wild males; however, Camarillo- Sepulveda et al (2015) found most sperm characteristics of wild and farmed Atlantic salmon similar with the exception of wild salmon sperm having a longer flagellum, but this did not translate into increased fertilization rates. Their study had a relatively low sample size of 10 wild males, 21 farmed males, and 8 females each of wild and farmed origin.…”

Section: Post-spawning Sexual Selectionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Advancing mate choice studies in salmonids

Auld

Noakes

Banks

2019

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

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Mate choice in most organisms is not random, but determined by a suite of interacting traits and environmental factors. While the selective pressures underlying differences in mate choice between species, populations, individuals and even within individuals has been gaining interest, there still remains unexplained variation in mate preferences especially in non-model systems. Despite being of social, environmental and economic importance there is comparatively little known about how salmonids and other tetraploids make mate choice decisions in the wild and the resultant reproductive success (i.e. the number of offspring which survive to sexual maturity). Resolving questions related to salmonid mate choice is of particular importance given that humans have been supplementing salmon populations through aquaculture for decades. Despite these efforts, hatchery produced fish have lower reproductive success relative to their wild counterparts and salmon populations are declining. Most studies on mate choice and reproductive success in salmonids focus on body size and major histocompatibility complex based choice. However, mate choice can also be affected by other factors including other genetic factors, predation risk and social environment. Here, we (a) synthesize what is presently known about mate choice and reproductive success in salmonids, (b) identify gaps in knowledge and areas where there is a lack of consensus in results, and (c) suggest interdisciplinary ways of advancing our understanding of mate choice in salmonids and other polyploids.

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Section: Post-spawning Sexual Selectionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Advancing mate choice studies in salmonids

Auld

Noakes

Banks

2019

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

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“…Experimental studies have shown that there are significant differences in sperm morphology (Gage et al, 2004;Gage, Stockley, & Parker, 1998) and fertilization success among individual males (Gage et al, 2004). However, when farmed and wild salmon have been reared under identical conditions (Yeates, Einum, Fleming, Holt, & Gage, 2014), or taken directly from farms and from the wild (Camarillo-Sepulveda et al, 2016), no systematic differences in sperm and egg quality or in vitro fertilization success have been observed between farmed and wild salmon. This leads to the conclusion that if individual farmed escaped adults manage to partake in spawning in the wild, despite their general competitive inferiority, they will have similar fertilization success to wild adults.…”

Section: Do Farmed Escapees Spawn In the Wild?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon: Status of knowledge and unanswered questions

et al. 2017

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Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is one of the best researched fishes, and its aquaculture plays a global role in the blue revolution. However, since the 1970s, tens of millions of farmed salmon have escaped into the wild. We review current knowledge of genetic interactions and identify the unanswered questions. Native salmon populations are typically genetically distinct from each other and potentially locally adapted. Outside Norway, introgression remains unquantified, and in all regions, biological changes and the mechanisms driving population-specific impacts remain poorly documented. Nevertheless, existing knowledge shows that the long-term consequences of introgression is expected to lead to changes in life-history traits, reduced population productivity and decreased resilience to future challenges. Only a major reduction in the number of escapees and/or sterility of farmed salmon can eliminate further impacts. K E Y W O R D Saquaculture, evolution, fish farming, fitness, genetic, hybrid

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“…salar (Lush et al ., ). On the other hand, results on sperm quality of farm and wild males suggest no disparities in sperm traits and near functional equivalence (Camarillo‐Sepulveda et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…So far, results show that unfertilized eggs of farm Saint John River S. salar are smaller, weigh less and contain less energy in the form of ATP and may have lower fertilization success than wild Little River S. salar (Lush et al, 2014). On the other hand, results on sperm quality of farm and wild males suggest no disparities in sperm traits and near functional equivalence (Camarillo-Sepulveda et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early life traits of farm and wild Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and first generation hybrids in the south coast of Newfoundland

Hamoutene

Pérez-Casanova

Burt

et al. 2017

Journal of Fish Biology

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This study examined fertilization rates, survival and early life-trait differences of pure farm, wild and first generation (F1) hybrid origin embryos after crossing farm and wild Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. Results show that despite a trend towards higher in vitro fertilization success for wild females, differences in fertilization success in river water are not significantly different among crosses. In a hatchery environment, wild females' progeny (pure wild and hybrids with wild maternal parent) hatched 7-11 days earlier than pure farm crosses and hybrids with farm maternal parents. In addition, pure wild progeny had higher total lengths (L ) at hatch than pure farm crosses and hybrids. Directions in trait differences need to be tested in a river environment, but results clearly show the maternal influence on early stages beyond egg-size differences. Differences in L were no longer significant at 70 days post hatch (shortly after the onset of exogenous feeding) showing the need to investigate later developmental stages to better assess somatic growth disparities due to genetic differences. Higher mortality rates of the most likely hybrids (farm female × wild male hybrids) at egg and fry stages and their delayed hatch suggest that these F1 hybrids might be less likely to survive the early larval stages than wild stocks.

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Sperm traits in farmed and wild Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

Advancing mate choice studies in salmonids

Advancing mate choice studies in salmonids

Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon: Status of knowledge and unanswered questions

Early life traits of farm and wild Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and first generation hybrids in the south coast of Newfoundland

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