Sperm Penetration into a Hyaluronic Acid Polymer as a Means of Monitoring Functional Competence

AITKEN, R. JOHN; BOWIE, HELEN; BUCKINGHAM, DONNA; HARKISS, DIANA; RICHARDSON, DAVID W.; WEST, KATRINE M.

doi:10.1002/j.1939-4640.1992.tb01626.x

Cited by 53 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…The effect of PF-2545920 was demonstrated via penetration experiments using a substitute HA gel with similar properties, 58 , 59 good repeatability, and high similarity to CM for human sperm to penetration. 60 , 61 To date, only increased penetration rates of bull spermatozoa have been reported in the presence of PDE5i. The effects of PDEi on human sperm penetration remain to be determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitor PF-2545920 as a prospective agent for the clinical promotion of sperm motility

Yang

Yan

et al. 2023

Asian Journal of Andrology

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Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors can improve sperm motility in patients with asthenozoospermia. However, the most commonly reported nonselective PDE inhibitor pentoxifylline and PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil have the disadvantages of requiring a high concentration and destroying sperm integrity. We examined the PDE10A inhibitor PF-2545920 to compare its ability to promote sperm motility with that of pentoxifylline and sildenafil. After seminal plasma was discarded, several semen samples were subjected to four treatments (control, PF-2545920, pentoxifylline, and sildenafil) to evaluate their ability to affect motility, viability, and spontaneous acrosome reactions. Intracellular calcium and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), mitochondrial membrane potential, and penetration through viscous medium were assessed by flow cytometry, luciferase, and hyaluronic acid after treatment with PF-2545920. Statistical analyses were performed using the analysis of variance statistical test. PF-2545920 elevated the percentage of motile spermatozoa compared to the control, pentoxifylline, and sildenafil groups at 10 µmol l−1 (P < 0.01). It is less toxic to GC-2spd mouse spermatocytes cells and spermatozoa and causes fewer spontaneous acrosomal reactions (P < 0.05). PF-2545920 also increased mitochondrial membrane potential (P < 0.001) and altered intracellular calcium (P < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner, including increasing sperm hyaluronic acid penetrating ability (P < 0.05). Therefore, PF-2545920 might be an excellent choice for stimulating the sperm motility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitor PF-2545920 as a prospective agent for the clinical promotion of sperm motility

Yang

Yan

et al. 2023

Asian Journal of Andrology

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Bend propagation in the flagella of migrating human sperm, and its modulation by viscosity

Smith

Gaffney

Gadêlha

et al. 2009

Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton

202

270

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A pre-requisite for sexual reproduction is successful unification of the male and female gametes; in externally-fertilising echinoderms the male gamete is brought into close proximity to the female gamete through chemotaxis, the associated signalling and flagellar beat changes being elegantly characterised in several species. In the human, sperm traverse a relatively high-viscosity mucus coating the tract surfaces, there being a tantalising possible role for chemotaxis. To understand human sperm migration and guidance, studies must therefore employ similar viscous in vitro environments. High frame rate digital imaging is used for the first time to characterise the flagellar movement of migrating sperm in low and high viscosities. While qualitative features have been reported previously, we show in precise spatial and temporal detail waveform evolution along the flagellum. In low viscosity the flagellum continuously moves out of the focal plane, compromising the measurement of true curvature, nonetheless the presence of torsion can be inferred. In high viscosities curvature can be accurately determined and we show how waves propagate at approximately constant speed. Progressing waves increase in curvature approximately linearly except for a sharper increase over a distance approximately 20-27 microm from the head/midpiece junction. Curvature modulation, likely influenced by the outer dense fibres, creates the characteristic waveforms of high viscosity swimming, with remarkably effective cell progression against greatly increased resistance, even in high viscosity liquids. Assessment of motility in physiological viscosities will be essential in future basic research, studies of chemotaxis and novel diagnostics.

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Leukocytic Infiltration into the Human Ejaculate and Its Association with Semen Quality, Oxidative Stress, and Sperm Function

AITKEN,

WEST,

BUCKINGHAM

1994

Journal of Andrology

158

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Immunocytochemical techniques have been used to monitor the size and composition of the leukocyte population in unfractionated human semen samples and sperm populations generated by Percoll® gradient centrifugation. The characteristics of the leukocyte population have then been related to the quality of the semen profile, the production of reactive oxygen species, and the functional competence of the spermatozoa. A majority (97%) of the ejaculates examined contained leukocytes, and in 82.4% the major cell type was the granulocyte. Small numbers of T cells, B cells, and monocytes/macrophages could also be found in 62%, 43%, and 21% of samples, respectively, and patients were occasionally identified in whom one of these cell types became the predominant leukocyte species. Although a subpopulation of patients was identified in whom the infiltration of multiple leukocyte species was positively correlated with the concentrations of spermatozoa and precursor germ cells in semen, in general, the presence of leukocytes, to the point of leukocytospermia, did not significantly influence any component of the semen profile. Similarly, the fertilizing potential of the washed spermatozoa, as assessed by in vitro tests of the acrosome reaction and sperm—oocyte fusion, was not correlated with the concentration of seminal leukocytes. In contrast, the carryover of leukocytes into the washed sperm preparations profoundly influenced the fertilizing potential of the spermatozoa via mechanisms that were associated with the production of reactive oxygen species. These results have implications for the diagnostic significance of leukocyte contamination in the context of male infertility and assisted conception.

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Sperm Penetration into a Hyaluronic Acid Polymer as a Means of Monitoring Functional Competence

Cited by 53 publications

References 26 publications

Phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitor PF-2545920 as a prospective agent for the clinical promotion of sperm motility

Phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitor PF-2545920 as a prospective agent for the clinical promotion of sperm motility

Bend propagation in the flagella of migrating human sperm, and its modulation by viscosity

Leukocytic Infiltration into the Human Ejaculate and Its Association with Semen Quality, Oxidative Stress, and Sperm Function

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