Sperm endogenous reverse transcriptase as mediator of new genetic information

Sciamanna, Ilaria; Barberi, Laura; Martire, Alberto; Pittoggi, Carmine; Beraldi, Rosanna; Giordano, Roberto; Magnano, Anna Rosa; Hogdson, Clague; Spadafora, Corrado

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.11.024

Cited by 50 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Two lines of evidence suggest that the expression of retroelement-associated genes, in particular the RT gene, plays a functional role in early embryonic development: first, a well-regulated, massive wave of transcription of retroelements occurs in early cleavage stages Peaston et al, 2004) (see above); second, mature gametes are endowed with a functional endogenous RT that is passed on to embryos at fertilization (Giordano et al, 2000;Sciamanna et al, 2003). Nevirapine is a pharmacological nonnucleosidic inhibitor of the RT enzymatic activity, widely used in the treatment of AIDS (Merluzzi et al, 1990), which also inhibits the endogenous RT activity present in noninfected cells (Mangiacasale et al, 2003;Pittoggi et al, 2003;Sciamanna et al, 2005), and can therefore be used to investigate the requirement for this activity.…”

Section: Inhibition Of Endogenous Rt Activity Arrests Embryogenesis Imentioning

confidence: 99%

A role for endogenous reverse transcriptase in tumorigenesis and as a target in differentiating cancer therapy

Vallebona

Lavia

Garaci

et al. 2005

Genes Chromosomes & Cancer

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An unexpected result emerging from completion of the genome sequencing project is that a large portion of mammalian genomes is constituted by retrotransposons. A large body of published data supports the conclusion that retrotransposons are biologically active elements and indicates that retrotransposition is an ongoing process in mammalian genomes. Retroelements can act as insertional mutagens altering the coding integrity of genes and, recently, have been found to also affect the expression of cellular genes at the epigenetic level: in this light, they are a potential threat in that these events can trigger the onset of several pathologies including cancer. Retroelement genes, and particularly the gene coding for reverse transcriptase (RT), are typically expressed at high levels in transformed cells and tumors. In recent work, we have found that drug-mediated inhibition of the endogenous RT activity, or silencing of expression of active retrotransposons of the LINE-1 family by RNA interference, down-regulate cell growth and induce the activation of differentiating functions in several cancer cell lines. Moreover, the inhibition of endogenous RT activity in vivo antagonizes the growth of human tumors in animal models. In this review, we discuss newly emerging concepts on the role of retrotransposons and suggest that an abnormally high level of the RT activity that they encode may contribute to the loss of control in the proliferation and differentiation programs typical of transformed cells. In this light, RT-coding elements may be regarded as promising targets in the development of novel, differentiation-inducing approaches to cancer therapy.

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Section: Inhibition Of Endogenous Rt Activity Arrests Embryogenesis Imentioning

confidence: 99%

A role for endogenous reverse transcriptase in tumorigenesis and as a target in differentiating cancer therapy

Vallebona

Lavia

Garaci

et al. 2005

Genes Chromosomes & Cancer

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“…In synthesis, retroelements can act as molecular rheostats, sensing environmental stimuli and modulating gene expression profiles in response, thus determining the emergence of altered phenotypes, including pathologies, that can be transgenerationally transmitted. When the RT-dependent system is activated in sperm cells, phenotypic alterations in the offspring are not linked to any genetic change, because RT generates non-integrated, yet transcriptionally competent, retrogenes (Sciamanna et al, 2003;Pittoggi et al, 2006) as a peculiar response of the stress-sensitive retrotransposon/endogenous retroviral machinery. Extrachromosomal structures are also generated in somatic cells in response to diverse stimuli (Gaubatz,1990;Kuttler and Mai, 2007), and some contain retroposon-derived sequences (Sherlina and Vladimirov, 2008).…”

Section: The Emergence Of a Non-mendelian Transgenerational Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3. The absence of genes encoding new phenotypic traits is common to both the mouse Kit model (Rassoulzadegan et al, 2006) and SMRGT-generated animals in our laboratory, which expressed traits and yet lacked any detectable lacZ (Sciamanna et al, 2003) or EGFP sequences when tissue DNAs were probed by Southern blot. 4.…”

Section: The Emergence Of a Non-mendelian Transgenerational Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To answer that question, we carried out a new set of experiments, in which spermatozoa were first preincubated with a traceable RNA population, i.e., transcribed from a β-gal gene-containing VL30-based construct, and then used in IVF assays (Sciamanna et al, 2003). PCRbased assays revealed that β-gal cDNA molecules were synthesized in sperm cells, delivered to oocytes at fertilization, transmitted to 2-and 4-cell embryos and, after implantation into foster mothers, mosaically propagated in tissues of adult F0 individuals.…”

Section: The Retrogene Factory: Endogenous Reverse Transcriptase Actimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retrotransposons, reverse transcriptase and the genesis of new genetic information

Sciamanna

Vitullo

Curatolo

et al. 2009

Gene

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“…Spermatozoa's exogenous DNA usually links to sub-acrosom part of sperm head [5]. Motile sperm have reported has more capacities to bind DNA and 30% motile sperms can bring DNA along with them [6], that 84.8% DNA cling to head posterior area, less than…”

Section: Results and Discussion The Analysis Of Gfp Fluorescence On Spmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of hrGFP Gene Reporter Role in Carp Fish (Cyprinus carpio) Transgenesis Process Based on Convocal Microscopy Analysis

Anitasari

Soeprijanto

Faqih

2015

JELS

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Sperm cells can be used as a medium to insert foreign DNA into the egg. Electroporation humanized renilla reformis Green Fluorescent Protein (hrGFP) gene as a reporter gene is very important to know the effectiveness of gene transfer. Research is aimed to understand the effectiveness rate of hrGFP gene reporter to detect the successful gene transfer process based on the result of observation with convocal microscope over transgenic sperm level, embryo and larva of Carp Fish. Result of trans-genesis of hrGFP as sperm-mediated gene reporter must be accurately detected. Based on the result of observation with convocal microscope, it is shown that hrGFP enters the core level, indicates by PI pigmentation and thereby, hrGFP gene reporter can provide information about hrGFP fluorescence starting from sperm, embryo and larva of Carp Fish.

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Sperm endogenous reverse transcriptase as mediator of new genetic information

Cited by 50 publications

References 41 publications

A role for endogenous reverse transcriptase in tumorigenesis and as a target in differentiating cancer therapy

A role for endogenous reverse transcriptase in tumorigenesis and as a target in differentiating cancer therapy

Retrotransposons, reverse transcriptase and the genesis of new genetic information

The Effectiveness of hrGFP Gene Reporter Role in Carp Fish (Cyprinus carpio) Transgenesis Process Based on Convocal Microscopy Analysis

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