Spent coffee ground: transformation from environmental burden into valuable bioactive metabolites

Abstract

Spent coffee ground (SCG) is a primary by-product obtained during soluble coffee processing and could be used for high-value products due to its protein content. The SCG is a rich source of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, lipids and proteins. The bioactive peptide obtained after protein hydrolysis has great potential as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-mutagenic agent and a better understanding is a prerequisite for proper utilization of the natural and renewable source of protein to attain a sustainable approach. Moreover, by utilizing SCG-derived peptides we can reduce the contamination of these residues at an agronomical scale. In this review, we discussed the spent coffee ground protein-based peptides and also high-lightened the properties of these valuable bioactive peptides in addition to other industrially important metabolites. Conclusively, the SCG peptides can be an interesting substitute to plant protein with functional properties in food industries, and at the same time utilization of SCG would reduce the bio-waste burden. Graphical abstract

Toward Circular Economy: Potentials of Spent Coffee Grounds in Bioproducts and Chemical Production

“…Studies reveal that SCGs are rich in organic matter, with a typical composition comprising approximately 40-50% carbohydrates, 20-25% lipids, 15-20% proteins, and 5-10% moisture content [14]. The chemical composition of SCGs can vary slightly depending on factors such as the type of coffee beans used, the brewing method, and the degree of the roast [15][16][17]. Research is continuously active in utilizing SCG components as essential building blocks for a variety of value-added products.…”

Biocomposites Based on Wheat Flour with Urea-Based Eutectic Plasticizer and Spent Coffee Grounds: Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization, and Study of Their Influence on Plant Growth

“…Protein content in cf is in the range of 12–17% and is much higher than that in roasted coffee (ca. 3%) [ 42 ]. The total content of nitrogen compounds like proteins, amino acids, and alkaloids (caffeine, N-methylnorharmane [ 43 ]) in coffee ranges from 8.5 to 13.6% and is at a relatively stable level between species or during roasting processes [ 41 ].…”

Ways to Reuse Spent Coffee Ground: a Brief Overview

“…At the present time, SCG is an important waste product that has versatile applications in various sectors. It can be used in the production of spirits, fertilizers, insecticides, cosmetics, biofuels, construction products, but also in the nutrition of some animals (Andrade et al, 2022;Singh et al, 2023).…”