Abstract:Spent batteries are an important waste flow regarding the recovery of the contained metals motivated by economic, environmental and strategic reasons. The portable battery market is dominated by primary Zn-Mn cells, but the market of secondary batteries are continuously growing, with particular relevance for Li-ion batteries, used in practically all electronic devices. The batteries are metal concentrates, having metal grades such as 20%-30% of Zn, Mn, Co, Ni, depending on the battery system. These metals are … Show more
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