Speed-dependent automatic zooming for browsing large documents

Abstract

We propose a navigation technique for browsing large documents that integrates rate-based scrolling with automatic zooming. The view automatically zooms out when the user scrolls rapidly so that the perceptual scrolling speed in screen space remains constant. As a result, the user can efficiently and smoothly navigate through a large document without becoming disoriented by extremely fast visual flow. By incorporating semantic zooming techniques, the user can smoothly access a global overview of the document during rate-based scrolling. We implemented several prototype systems, including a web browser, map viewer, image browser, and dictionary viewer. An informal usability study suggests that for a document browsing task, most subjects prefer automatic zooming and the technique exhibits approximately equal performance time to scroll bars, suggesting that automatic zooming is a helpful alternative to traditional scrolling when the zoomed out view provides appropriate visual cues.

Towards a Unified System for Digital Film Production

“…One last related zooming technique we have implemented is Igarashi and Hinckley's speed-dependent automatic zooming technique for large documents [6] [7]. This causes the view to smoothly zoom out while the user is scrolling a document rapidly.…”

“…As an additional navigational tool in our system, we have implemented speed-dependent scrolling [7]. This technique will automatically zoom out the view window when the user scrolls rapidly, which helps to ensure that the scrolling speeds appears more perceptually consistent to the viewer.…”

Hear It Is: Enhancing Rapid Document Browsing with Sound Cues

“…1). This intuitive model for a navigator first was proposed and implemented by Igarashi and Hinckley [14] for browsing large documents and maps on Desktop PCs. Cockburn et al [1] suggested and successfully evaluated the refinements of this approach for navigating digital documents such as PDF files on Desktop PCs.…”

“…This paper reports a project that develops the Speed-Dependent Automatic Zooming method of navigation [14]. The SDAZ method applies to all digital navigation (e.g.…”

“…of maps, images, etc.) but has been used with particular success in the task of navigation with digital texts [1,14]. This paper reports an initial investigation into how users' document navigation could be enhanced through the deployment of simple audio cues.…”