Speed breeding in growth chambers and glasshouses for crop breeding and model plant research

Ghosh, Sreya; Watson, Amy; González-Navarro, Oscar E.; Ramírez-González, Ricardo H.; Yanes, Luis; Mendoza-Suárez, Marcela; Simmonds, James; Wells, Rachel; Rayner, Tracey; Green, Phon; Hafeez, Amber N.; Hayta, Şadiye; Melton, Rachel E.; Steed, Andrew; Sarkar, Abhimanyu; Carter, Jeremy; Perkins, Lionel; Lord, J. W.; Tester, Mark; Osbourn, Anne; Moscou, Matthew J.; Nicholson, P.; Harwood, Wendy; Martin, Cathie; Domoney, Claire; Uauy, Cristóbal; Hazard, Brittany; Wulff, Brande B. H.; Hickey, Lee T.

doi:10.1101/369512

Cited by 69 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Specialized protocols are available for species that require specific environmental cues to induce flowering, such as vernalization or short days. When these techniques are applied to small grain cereals that can be grown at high densities-for example, 1,000 plants/m 2 -the space and cost associated with developing large numbers of inbred lines can be reduced 15 . The combination of 'seed chipping' technology and barcoding for single plant tracking can facilitate high-throughput marker-assisted selection.…”

Section: Evolution Of Speed Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For researchers who do not have access to large facilities, small, low-cost speed breeding units can be set up 15 . Speed breeding could also accelerate the discovery and use of allelic diversity in landraces…”

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…71 ). One feature of existing speed breeding systems is the use of LEDs to improve light quality and reduce operational costs 12,15 . Instead, laser light could be used to reduce costs further because it has a higher electrical conversion efficiency, with 40-60% of energy being converted into light, depending on the light color 72 (Fig.…”

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

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Breeding crops to feed 10 billion

Hickey

Hafeez

Robinson³

et al. 2019

Nat Biotechnol

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Section: Evolution Of Speed Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

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Breeding crops to feed 10 billion

Hickey

Hafeez

Robinson³

et al. 2019

Nat Biotechnol

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700

463

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“…The need to combine multiple mutations/alleles and carry out backcrossing to remove background mutations takes a considerable amount of time, with at least four months required per generation in a spring wheat genetic background. Recently, the 'speed breeding' technique has been implemented in wheat, which uses extended day lengths of 22 hours and improved light quality to accelerate the generation time in wheat (Ghosh et al, 2018;. Reduction of generation times to 8-10 weeks is achieved through an accelerated growth rate and harvesting of immature seeds 2-3 weeks post anthesis.…”

Section: Accelerating Crossing Generation Time and Phenotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A roadmap for gene functional characterisation in wheat

Adamski

Borrill

Brinton

et al. 2019

Preprint

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To adapt to the challenges of climate change and the growing world population, it is vital to increase global crop production. Understanding the function of genes within staple crops will accelerate crop improvement by allowing targeted breeding approaches. Despite the importance of wheat, which provides 20 % of the calories consumed by humankind, a lack of genomic information and resources has hindered the functional characterisation of genes in this species. The recent release of a high-quality reference sequence for wheat underpins a suite of genetic and genomic resources that support basic research and breeding. These include accurate gene model annotations, gene expression atlases and gene networks that provide background information about putative gene function. In parallel, sequenced mutation populations, improved transformation protocols and structured natural populations provide rapid methods to study gene function directly. We highlight a case study exemplifying how to integrate these resources to study gene function in wheat and thereby accelerate improvement in this important crop. We hope that this review provides a helpful guide for plant scientists, especially those expanding into wheat research for the first time, to capitalise on the discoveries made in Arabidopsis and other plants. This will accelerate the improvement of wheat, a complex polyploid crop, of vital importance for food and nutrition security.

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“…One of the most promising technologies to speed up the genetic gain is the rapid generation technology known as 'speed breeding'. Speed breeding technology allows rapid generation cycling using prolonged photoperiod and controlled temperature (Ghosh et al, 2018;Watson et al, 2018).…”

Section: Rapid Population Development For Qtl Mapping and Validationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerating the development of durum wheat adapted to drought and crown rot conditions

Alahmad¹

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Global demand for durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum) will increase with our dramatic continuous growing population. However, production is facing climatic fluctuations and evolving pests and diseases. In Australia, the industry has encountered many challenges surrounding stable and profitable production. These include the lack of reliable rainfall throughout the production regions resulting in severe droughts, and the susceptibility of durum wheat to crown rot (CR; caused predominantly by Fusarium pseudograminearum). Damage to durum wheat crops caused by CR is exacerbated by water stress. Thus far, due to the limited protection attainable by fungicide application and lack of genetic resistance in elite durum breeding germplasm, it has been recognised that breeding varieties incorporating reduced susceptibility to CR would be the most effective control measure when effectively combined with other management practices. For example, improved root system architecture holds some promise for enhancing access to water in arid and semi-arid production areas, particularly in deep soils with high water-holding capacity. This may be advantageous in CR-affected environments if it enables improved access to water that could simultaneously help to avoid drought and so reduce the impact of CR on yield. Hence, this research aimed to identify and combine multiple desirable physiological traits, or adaptive features, to provide some tolerance to CR. Firstly, to identify genetic regions influencing root growth angle (RGA) and CR tolerance, an integrated screening method was developed for phenotyping root variation and CR tolerance, along with other important traits such as leaf rust and plant height in durum wheat. The method was adapted to speed breeding and provided plant breeders with protocols and tools to apply selection in early generations of population development. Therefore, the selection will result in enriching recombinant inbred lines (RILs) with desirable alleles and reduce the number of years required to combine these traits in elite breeding populations. Secondly, a nested association mapping (NAM) population was developed within 18 months using speed breeding technology, including an F4 generation in the field. NAM population were developed by crossing eight elite lines imported from the International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) with two Australian cultivars. This population generated a significant variation for above-and below-ground traits that could be harnessed and explored using genetic mapping and breeding approaches. To identify key genomic regions associated with RGA, a subset of 393 NAM lines were phenotyped using the 'clear pot' method. Combining RGA data with 2,541 polymorphic DArTseq markers information, a major iii independent QTL (qSRA-6A) on 6A chromosome was identified. Furthermore, haplotype analysis for this QTL identified two major haplotype groups in the population, highlighting the opportunity for combining root traits with above-ground traits to better ...

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Speed breeding in growth chambers and glasshouses for crop breeding and model plant research

Cited by 69 publications

References 39 publications

Breeding crops to feed 10 billion

Breeding crops to feed 10 billion

A roadmap for gene functional characterisation in wheat

Accelerating the development of durum wheat adapted to drought and crown rot conditions

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